About the Book
This go-to resource on substance abuse supplies the broad background knowledge and historical information needed to understand this important sociological issue and provides readers with a range of additional sources for continuing their study of the topic.
From the pharmaceuticals advertised on television for various specific medical conditions; to alcohol, which is consumed regularly as a societal norm; to illicit drugs such as cocaine, heroin, and methamphetamine; to marijuana, which is becoming legal in an increasing number of U.S. states, drugs are all around us and are ingrained in our culture. The difficult reality is that any drug is a substance that can be abused. Substance Abuse: A Reference Handbook provides a detailed discussion of the history of substance abuse, covers the classification of drugs, explains how drugs work in the body, includes a general survey of both legal and illegal drugs, and describes the methods of substance abuse prevention and treatment. Readers receive a comprehensive introduction to the broad topic of substance abuse and a variety of additional resources with which to conduct extensive research.
In addition to describing the nature of licit and illicit drugs, the beneficial and harmful effects drugs can have on the human body, and factors that may lead to abuse and/or substance abuse, this book covers subtopics such as drug testing in a variety of settings including the workplace and sports, drug control mechanisms, and the debates relating to the legalization of drugs such as medical and recreational marijuana. The book also offers primary source resources that enable readers to directly examine the text of documents, such as significant laws and court cases dealing with aspects of substance abuse, alcohol prohibition amendments, the Controlled Substances Act of 1970, a series of memoranda from the U.S. Department of Justice regarding the prosecution of marijuana cases, and state doctor shopping laws.
Table of Contents:
Preface to the Second Edition,
1 Background and History,
Introduction,
A Brief History of Substance Use and Abuse,
Speaking of Drugs,
Classifying Drugs,
How Do Drugs Work?,
A Survey of Legal and Illegal Drugs,
Tobacco,
Alcohol,
Marijuana,
Cocaine,
Opioids,
Amphetamines,
Legal Medications,
Conclusion,
References,
2 Problems, Controversies, and Solutions,
Introduction,
Substance Abuse Prevention,
Substance Abuse Treatment,
Other Options,
Drug Testing,
Drug Testing in the Workplace,
Drug Testing in Schools,
Drug Testing in Amateur and Professional Sports,
Controlling the Use of Drugs,
Education about Harmful Substances,
Taxation of Drugs,
Outright Bans on Substances,
Federal Legislation since the Controlled Substances Act,
Specialized Legislation,
Should Illegal Substances Be Legalized?,
Arguments in Favor of Legalizing Drugs,
Arguments in Opposition to Legalizing Drugs,
A Special Case: Marijuana,
Medical Marijuana,
Recreational Marijuana,
Resistance to Legalization,
References,
3 Perspectives,
Introduction,
Cannabis Use and Cannabis-Related Behaviors among Adolescents Following Legalization: Expelling the Myths by Candice Beathard,
The Religious and Spiritual Use of Cannabis in History by Jeffrey Brown,
Marijuana Use and Intelligence by Nicholas J. Jackson,
A Young Man's Story by Jackie Lien,
A Recovery High School by Michelle Lipinski,
Pins and Needles: Treating Cravings with Acupuncture by Cassandra Newell,
Creating Recovery-Supportive Campuses by John Ruyak,
Five Days by Ed and Marnie Semeyn,
Psychiatric Disorders and Substance Abuse: Comorbidity, Correlation, and Causation by Teagan Wall,
4 Profiles,
Introduction,
Al-Anon/Alateen,
Alcoholics Anonymous,
Richard Alpert (Ram Dass; 1931–),
American Society of Addiction Medicine,
Americans for Nonsmokers' Rights,
Americans for Safe Access,
Harry J. Anslinger (1892–1975),
Association for Medical Education and Research in Substance Abuse,
Bill W. (1895–1971),
Hale Boggs (1914–1972/1973),
Center for Lawful Access and Abuse Deterrence,
Community Anti-Drug Coalitions of America,
Thomas De Quincey (1785–1859),
Drug Policy Alliance,
European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction,
Harm Reduction Coalition,
Francis B. Harrison (1873–1957),
Albert Hofmann (1906–2008),
Hon Lik (1951–),
John W. Huffman (1932–),
Aldous Huxley (1894–1963),
International Council on Alcohol and Addictions,
C. Everett Koop (1916–2013),
Timothy Leary (1920–1996),
Otto Loewi (1873–1961),
Mothers Against Drunk Driving,
National Coalition Against Prescription Drug Abuse,
National Council on Alcoholism and Drug Dependence, Inc.,
National Inhalant Prevention Coalition,
National Institute on Drug Abuse,
Albert Niemann (1834–1861),
NORML (National Organization for the Reform of Marijuana Laws),
Office of National Drug Control Policy,
Quanah Parker (ca. 1845–1911),
Partnership for Drug-Free Kids,
Friedrich Sertürner (1783–1841),
Alexander "Sasha" Shulgin (1925–2014),
Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration,
Substance Abuse Librarians and Information Specialists,
Luther L. Terry (1911–1985),
United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime,
5 Data and Documents,
Introduction,
Data,
Table 5.1. Drug-Induced Deaths, 1999–2013,
Table 5.2. Schedules of Drugs, as Defined by the Controlled Substances Act of 1970,
Table 5.3. Treatment Admissions for Substance Abuse (2013),
Table 5.4. Past Month Illicit Drug Use among People Aged 12 or Older, by Age Group and by Drug: Percentages, 2002–2014,
Table 5.5. Cigarette Consumption, in Billions, in the United States, 1900–2007,
Table 5.6. Alcohol-Related Vehicular Accident Fatalities, United States, 1982–2004,
Documents,
Harrison Narcotic Act (1914),
Eighteenth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution (1919),
Twenty-First Amendment to the U.S. Constitution (1933),
Federal Cigarette Labeling and Advertising Act (1965),
Controlled Substances Act (1970),
Vernonia v. Acton, 515 U.S. 646 (1995),
Gonzales v. Raich, 545 U.S. 1 (2005),
Family Smoking Prevention and Tobacco Control and Federal Retirement Reform (2009),
Sottera, Inc. v. Food and Drug Administration (No. 10-5032; 627 F.3d 891) (2010),
Memorandum for All United States Attorneys (2013),
Coats v. Dish Network (Colorado Supreme Court Case No. 13SC394) (2015),
United States of America, Plaintiff, v. Marin Alliance for Medical Marijuana, and Lynette Shaw (2015),
State Doctor Shopping Laws (2016),
Comprehensive Addiction and Recovery Act of 2016,
6 Resources,
Books,
Articles,
Reports,
Internet,
7 Chronology,
Glossary,
Index,
About the Author,
About the Author :
David E. Newton, EdD, has been a freelance writer of nonfiction books and ancillary materials for young adults for nearly 55 years. He has published more than 400 textbooks, research manuals, trade books, encyclopedias, and encyclopedia articles as well as lab manuals, problems books, and other educational materials.
Review :
[A]n easy-to-read, comprehensible overview of the history, controversies, laws, and corresponding challenges of substance abuse in the U.S. Educational programs, legal personnel, and organizations and agencies that deal with substance abuse are also discussed. The author provides statistics in the text, and novice researchers will find these summations and the references to government agencies that collect such data among the most valuable features of the resource. Summing Up: Recommended. High school through lower-level undergraduates; general readers.
