Opposition to War: An Encyclopedia of U.S. Peace and Antiwar Movements [2 Volumes]

How have Americans sought peaceful, rather than destructive, solutions to domestic and world conflict? This two-volume set documents peace and antiwar movements in the United States from the colonial era to the present. Although national leaders often claim to be fighting to achieve peace, the real peace seekers struggle against enormous resistance to their message and have often faced persecution for their efforts. Despite a well-established pattern of being involved in wars, the United States also has a long tradition of citizens who made extensive efforts to build and maintain peaceful societies and prevent the destructive human and material costs of war. Unarmed activists have most consistently upheld American values at home. Opposition to War: An Encyclopedia of U.S. Peace and Antiwar Movements investigates this historical tradition of resistance to involvement in armed conflict—an especially important and relevant topic today as the nation has been mired in numerous military conflicts throughout most of the current century. The book examines a largely misunderstood and underappreciated minority of Americans who have committed themselves to finding peaceful resolutions to domestic and international conflicts—individuals who have proposed and conducted an array of practical and creative methods for peaceful change, from the transformation of individual behavior to the development of international governing and legal systems, for more than 250 years. Readers will learn how individuals working alone or organized into societies of various size have steadfastly campaigned to stop war, end the arms race, eliminate the underlying causes of war, and defend the civil liberties of Americans when wartime nationalism most threatens them.

Table of Contents:
Preface Acknowledgments Introduction: The U.S. Peace Movement Guide to Related Topics Chronology of U.S. Peace Activism Volume 1 Abolitionism and the Peace Movement Adams, Charles Francis Addams, Jane Afghanistan (2001) and Iraq (2003) Wars: Antiwar Movements11 Allen, Devere America First Committee American Civil Liberties Union American Committee for the Outlawry of War American Friends Service Committee American Peace Award American Peace Society American Revolution: Antiwar Dissent American School Peace League American Union Against Militarism Andrews, Fannie Fern Another Mother for Peace Anti-Enlistment League Anti-Imperialist League Art, Antiwar Baez, Joan Bailey, Hannah Johnston Balch, Emily Greene Baldwin, Roger Nash Ballou, Adin Becker, Norma Beckwith, George Cone Bender, Harold Stauffer Benezet, Anthony Berger, Victor Berrigan, Daniel Berrigan, Philip Bethe, Hans Beyond War Blanchard, Joshua Boeckel, Florence Brewer Bok, Edward William Boss, Charles Frederick, Jr. Boulding, Elise Marie, and Boulding, Kenneth Ewart Bourne, Randolph Boutwell, George Sewall Brown, Sam Bryan, William Jennings Burritt, Elihu Burton, Theodore Bussey, Gertrude Butler, Nicholas Murray Butler, Smedley Darlington Cadbury, Henry Joel Caldicott, Helen Mary Call to Resist Illegitimate Authority Campaign for World Government Carnegie, Andrew Carnegie Endowment for International Peace Catholic Association for International Peace Catholic Peace Fellowship Catholic Worker Movement Catonsville Nine Catt, Carrie Chapman Central America: Antiwar Dissent Central Committee for Conscientious Objectors Central Organization for a Durable Peace "Challenge of Peace": National Conference of Catholic Bishops Pastoral Letter on War and Peace Channing, William Ellery Chapman, Maria Weston Chicago Seven Chomsky, Noam Christian Peacemaker Teams Church of the Brethren Church Peace Mission Church Peace Union Civil Disobedience Civil Rights and the Peace Movement Civil War: Antiwar Dissent Civilian Public Service Clergy and Laymen Concerned About Vietnam Coalition for a New Foreign and Military Policy Code Pink: Women for Peace Coffin, William Sloane, Jr. Colonial America: Antiwar Dissent Commission on a Just and Durable Peace Commission to Study the Organization of Peace Committee for Concerted Peace Efforts Committee for Nonviolent Action Committee for Nonviolent Revolution Committee in Solidarity with the People of El Salvador Committee on Militarism in Education Conscientious Objection Cornell, Thomas Charles Cortright, David Council for a Livable World Counter-Recruitment Cousins, Norman Crane, Henry Hitt Crosby, Ernest Howard Curti, Merle Day, Dorothy Debs, Eugene Victor Dellinger, David Deming, Barbara Dennett, Mary Ware Detzer, Dorothy Dickinson, John Dodge, David Low Doty, Madeleine Zabriskie Draft Resistance Eastman, Crystal Eastman, Max Eddy, George Sherwood Eichelberger, Clark Einstein, Albert Ellsberg, Daniel Emergency Committee of Atomic Scientists Emergency Peace Campaign Emergency Peace Federation Farmer, James Leonard, Jr. Federal Council of Churches of Christ in America Federation of American Scientists Feld, Bernard Taub Fellowship of Reconciliation Fey, Harold Edward Fifth Avenue Peace Parade Committee Films, Antiwar Fonda, Jane Ford Peace Ship Forsberg, Randall Caroline Fosdick, Harry Emerson Foster, Abigail Kelley Foster, Stephen Symonds French, Paul Comly Friendly Association for Regaining and Preserving Peace with the Indians by Pacific Measures Friends Committee on National Legislation Fromm, Erich Fulbright, James William Gandhi, Mohandas Garrison, William Lloyd Geneva Conventions GI Coffeehouses Ginn, Edwin Gladden, Washington Goldman, Emma Gottlieb, Sanford Gray, Harold Studley Great Peace March for Global Nuclear Disarmament Gregg, Richard Bartlett Grimké, Thomas Smith Gulick, Sidney Lewis Hague Peace Conferences Hartford Convention Hassler, Alfred Hayden, Thomas Hennacy, Ammon Hershberger, Guy Franklin Hillquit, Morris Historic Peace Churches Hoar, George F. Hoffman, Isidor B. Holmes, John Haynes Holt, Hamilton Houser, George Howe, Julia Ward Hughan, Jessie Wallace Hull, Hannah Clothier Hull, William Isaac Indochina Peace Campaign Institute for Defense and Disarmament Studies Iraq Veterans Against the War Isolationism and Noninterventionism Jack, Homer James, William Jay, William Jehovah's Witnesses Jones, Jenkin Lloyd Jones, Paul Jones, Rufus Matthew Jordan, David Starr Judd, Sylvester Kaufman, Abraham Keep America Out of War Congress Kellogg, Paul Kellogg–Briand Pact Kelly, Kathy King, Martin Luther, Jr. Kirchwey, George Washington Korean War: Antiwar Dissent La Follette, Belle, and La Follette, Robert M. Ladd, William Lake Mohonk Conferences on International Arbitration League of Universal Brotherhood League to Enforce Peace Lederach, John Paul Levinson, Salmon Oliver Libby, Frederick Joseph Lieber, Francis Literature, Antiwar Lloyd, Lola Maverick Lochner, Louis Lockwood, Belva Ann London, Meyer Love, Alfred Henry Lowenstein, Allard Ludlow Amendment Lynch, Frederick Lynd, Staughton Lyttle, Bradford Volume 2 Macdonald, Dwight Magnes, Judah Leon Marburg, Theodore March on the Pentagon Marshall, Lenore Massachusetts Peace Society Maurin, Peter May, Samuel Joseph Mayer, Milton McCarthy, Eugene McGovern, George McReynolds, David Mead, Edwin Mead, Lucia Ames Mennonites Merton, Thomas Mexican-American War: Antiwar Movement Meyer, Cord, Jr. Miller, Orie Otis Morgan, Laura Puffer Mott, John R. Mott, Lucretia Coffin Music, Antiwar Muste, Abraham Johannes Mygatt, Tracy Dickinson National Committee for a Sane Nuclear Policy National Committee on the Cause and Cure of War National Coordinating Committee to End the War in Vietnam National Council for Prevention of War National Peace Action Coalition National Peace Conference National Service Board for Religious Objectors Nearing, Scott Negotiation Now! Neutrality Acts of the 1930s New England Non-Resistance Society New Mobilization Committee to End the War in Vietnam New York Peace Society Niebuhr, Reinhold No Conscription League Nonviolence Norris, George William Nuclear Disarmament Movement Nuclear Freeze Campaign Nuclear Test Ban Treaty Nye Committee Oakland Stop the Draft Week O'Hare, Kate Richards Olmsted, Mildred Scott Oxford Pledge Pacifist Teachers League Page, Kirby Park, Alice Parker, Theodore Pauling, Linus Carl Pax Christi Peabody, George Foster Peace and Justice Studies Association Peace Fellowships Peace History Society Peace Now Movement Peace Studies Peacemakers Peck, James Penn, William Pentagon Papers People's Coalition for Peace and Justice People's Council of America for Democracy and Peace Persian Gulf War (1991): Antiwar Movement Physicians for Social Responsibility Pickett, Clarence Pugwash Conferences Quakers Randolph, Asa Philip Rankin, Jeannette Pickering Rauschenbusch, Walter The Resistance Roosevelt, Eleanor Root, Elihu Rustin, Bayard Rutherford, Joseph Sayre, John Nevin Schell, Jonathan Edward Schwimmer, Rosika Scott, James Brown Scott, Lawrence Seeger, Pete Sewall, May Wright Sharp, Gene Sheehan, Cindy Lee Shotwell, James T. Sibley, Mulford Q. Smiley, Albert K. Social Gospel Socialist Party Spanish-American and Philippine-American Wars: Antiwar Movement Spock, Benjamin Spring Mobilization to End the War in Vietnam Storey, Moorfield Student Mobilization Committee to End the War in Vietnam Student Peace Union Student Strikes for Peace Students for a Democratic Society Sumner, Charles Supreme Court Decisions: Antiwar Dissent Supreme Court Decisions: Conscientious Objection Swomley, John Montgomery, Jr. Szilard, Leo Tax Resistance Teach-Ins Thomas, Evan Thomas, Norman Thoreau, Henry David Tittle, Ernest Fremont Tolstoy, Leo Transcendentalists Trueblood, Benjamin Franklin Turn Toward Peace Twain, Mark Union of Concerned Scientists United Nations Association of the United States of America United World Federalists Universal Peace Union Unsell the War Campaign Upham, Thomas Cogswell Uphaus, Willard Van Kirk, Walter William Veterans for Peace Veterans of Future Wars Vietnam Day Committee Vietnam Moratorium Vietnam Summer Vietnam Veterans Against the War Vietnam War: Antiwar Movement Villard, Fanny Garrison Villard, Oswald Garrison Wald, Lillian Wales, Julia Grace Walker, Amasa Wallis, Jim War of 1812: Antiwar Movement War Powers Act War Resisters League Washington Naval Disarmament Conference West, Daniel Wilson, Dagmar Wilson, Edward Raymond Winter Soldier Investigation Witherspoon, Frances May Woman's Peace Party Women Strike for Peace Women's Action for Nuclear Disarmament Women's Encampment for a Future of Peace and Justice Women's International League for Peace and Freedom Women's Peace Society Women's Peace Union Women's Pentagon Action Women's Suffrage and the Peace Movement Wood, Levi Hollingsworth Woolley, Mary Emma Woolman, John Worcester, Noah World Alliance for International Friendship Through the Churches World Federalism World Peace Foundation World War I: Antiwar Movement World War II: Antiwar Movement World Without War Council Wright, Henry Clarke Yoder, John Howard Youth Committee Against War Selected Bibliography Index Editors and Contributors

About the Author :
Mitchell K. Hall, PhD, is professor of history at Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, MI.

Review :
This compact two-volume set would be an excellent addition to an academic library without requiring vast amounts of shelf space. The overall emphasis of the work as well as the topics covered provides an excellent beginning to an often-overlooked section of U.S. history. Students of American wars will also find this information invaluable as it provides a glimpse of the context and conversations in which these events occurred, how they began, and how they were ultimately brought to a close. Individual entries are very well written, each with ample references to other topics facilitating a deeper dive into lesser-known historical topics. This work would also be useful for those studying the arts or social sciences because many of its entries detail artist and cultural movements and the events that inspired them.