Introduction to Renewable Energy

As the world population grows and places more demand on limited fossil fuels, renewable energy becomes more relevant as part of the solution to the impending energy dilemma. Renewable energy is now included in national policies, with goals for it to be a significant percentage of generated energy within the coming decades. A comprehensive overview, Introduction to Renewable Energy explores how we can use the sun, wind, biomass, geothermal resources, and water to generate more sustainable energy. Taking a multidisciplinary approach, the book integrates economic, social, environmental, policy, and engineering issues related to renewable energy. It explains the fundamentals of energy, including the transfer of energy, as well as the limitations of natural resources. Starting with solar power, the text illustrates how energy from the sun is transferred and stored; used for heating, cooling, and lighting; collected and concentrated; and converted into electricity. A chapter describes residential power usage—including underground and off-grid homes—and houses that are designed to use energy more efficiently or to be completely self-sufficient. Other chapters cover wind power; bioenergy, including biofuel; and geothermal heat pumps; as well as hydro, tidal, and ocean energy. Describing storage as a billion-dollar idea, the book discusses the challenges of storing energy and gives an overview of technologies from flywheels to batteries. It also examines institutional issues such as environmental regulations, incentives, infrastructure, and social costs and benefits. Emphasizing the concept of life-cycle cost, the book analyzes the costs associated with different sources of energy. With recommendations for further reading, formulas, case studies, and extensive use of figures and diagrams, this textbook is suitable for undergraduates in Renewable Energy courses as well as for non-specialists seeking an introduction to renewable energy. Pedagogical Features: End-of-chapter problems Numerous case studies More than 150 figures and illustrations A solutions manual is available upon qualifying course adoption

Table of Contents:
Introduction Energy and Society Types of Energy Renewable Energy Advantages/Disadvantages Economics Global Warming Order of Magnitude Estimates Growth (Exponential) Solutions Energy Introduction Definition of Energy and Power Heat Thermodynamics Energy Dilemma in Light of the Laws of Thermodynamics Use of Fossil Fuels Nuclear Finite Resource Summary Sun Solar Power Electromagnetic Spectrum Energy Balance of the Earth Earth-Sun Motion Insolation Solar Resource Greenhouse Effect Heat Transfer and Storage Introduction Conduction Convection Radiation Thermal Mass Seasonal Heating or Cooling Thermal Comfort Solar Heating and Cooling Building Passive Windows and Glazing Passive Heating and Cooling Active Heating Active Cooling Daylighting Hybrid and Other Drying Agricultural Products, Lumber Solar Cookers Water Purification Photovoltaics Introduction Physics Basics Energy Bands Photovoltaic Basics Performance Design Considerations Installed Capacity and Production Applications Comments Concentrating Solar Power Introduction Power Tower Line or Linear Dish/Engine Point Focus Solar Pond Solar Systems Introduction Passive Systems Hybrid Systems Active Systems Underground Homes Computer Software Other Wind Energy Introduction Wind Resource Wind Turbines Wind Farms Small Wind Turbines Village Power Wind Diesel Other Performance Comments Bioenergy Introduction Conversion Heat and Power Biofuels Comments Geothermal Energy Introduction Resource Types of Geothermal Resources Direct Use Geothermal Heat Pumps Electricity Comments Water Introduction World Resource Hydroelectric Turbines Water Flow Tides Ocean Other Storage Introduction Pumped Hydro Compressed Air Flywheels Batteries Other Storage Systems Hydrogen Institutional Issues Introduction United States Regulations Environmental Issues Politics Incentives Externalities (Social Costs/Benefits) Transmission Economics Introduction Factors Affecting Economics Economic Analyses Life-Cycle Costs Present Worth and Levelized Costs Externalities Project Development Cost (Value) of Energy, Different Sources Summary The Future Appendix A1 Mathematics A2 Conversion A3 Resistance to Flow of Heat Index Each chapter contains references, recommended resources, and end-of-chapter problems.

About the Author :
Dr. Vaughn Nelson has been involved with renewable energy, primarily wind energy, since the early 1970s; is the author of six books (five books on CD); has published over 50 articles and reports; was the principal investigator on numerous grants; and has given over 60 workshops and seminars from the local to international level. His primary work has been on wind resource assessment, education and training, applied research and development, and rural applications of wind energy. Although retired, he is still associated with the Alternative Energy Institute (AEI), West Texas A&M University (WTAMU). He was director of AEI from its inception in 1977 through 2003 and then returned for another year in July 2009. He retired as dean of the Graduate School, Research and Information Technology, WTAMU, in 2001. He taught courses in physics, participated in a joint program with other state universities of physics courses over interactive TV, and also developed online courses in wind energy and solar energy at WTAMU. Dr. Nelson developed the material for a new online course in renewable energy at WTAMU, spring 2010, and this book is the result. He is also the author of Wind Energy, Renewable Energy and the Environment (CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, 2009). Dr. Nelson holds a PhD in physics from the University of Kansas; an EdM from Harvard University; and a BSE from Kansas State Teachers College, Emporia. He was at the Departamento de Fisica, Universidad de Oriente, Cumana, Venezuela, for two years and then at WTAMU from 1969 to the present. Dr. Nelson received a lifetime achievement award from the American Wind Energy Association in 2003.