About the Book
The fossil-fuel power sector and energy-intensive industries are major producers of carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions, contributing to rising global CO2 levels that have been linked to climate change. CO2 capture and storage (CCS) technology is therefore being developed for application to power plants and in CO2-intensive industries to reduce the carbon footprint of these activities, in order to mitigate the potentially harmful effects of climate change.
CO2 capture options range from post- and pre-combustion separation to advanced combustion-based options, which are applicable to both new-build power plant or as a retrofit to existing plant, and can also be adopted in other industries. CO2 storage options range from geological sequestration in deep saline aquifers and utilisation of CO2 for enhanced oil and gas recovery, to mineral carbonation and biofixation. Developments and innovations in this field are aimed at increasing the effectiveness and lowering the cost of capture, and at verifying the safety and efficacy of storage/sequestration.
Developments and innovation in carbon dioxide (CO2) capture and storage technology, Volumes 1 and 2, provide a comprehensive reference on the state of the art of research, development and demonstration of CCS technology in the power sector and in industry.
Volume 2 initially reviews geological sequestration of CO2, from saline aquifer sequestration to oil and gas reservoir and coal bed storage, including coverage of reservoir sealing, and monitoring and modelling techniques used to verify geological sequestration of CO2. Terrestrial and ocean sequestration are also reviewed, along with the environmental impact and performance assessments for these routes. The final section reviews advanced concepts for CO2 storage and utilisation, such as industrial utilisation, biofixation, mineral carbonation and photocatalytic reduction.
With its distinguished international team of contributors, Developments and innovation in carbon dioxide (CO2) capture and storage technology, Volumes 1 and 2, will be a standard reference for professionals in the power sector and related industries, as well as to academics and researchers in this important field.
Table of Contents:
Overview of carbon dioxide (CO2) capture and storage technology; S Bouzalakos and M M Maroto-Valer, University of Nottingham, UK
Greenhouse gas emissions and global climate change. Carbon management and stabilisation routes. Development and innovation in carbon dioxide (CO2) capture and transport technology. Development and innovation in carbon dioxide (CO2) storage and utilisation technology. Future trends. Sources of further information.
GEOLOGICAL SEQUESTRATION OF CARBON DIOXIDE (CO2)
Screening and selection criteria and characterisation techniques for the geological sequestration of carbon dioxide (CO2); S Bachu, Alberta Innovates – Technology Futures, Canada
Screening for storage suitability and site selection. Site characterisation. Estimation of carbon dioxide (CO2) storage capacity. Future trends. Sources of further information and advice.
Carbon dioxide (CO2) sequestration in deep saline aquifers and formations; R J Rosenbauer and B Thomas, US Geological Survey, USA
Saline aquifers. Trapping mechanisms. Modelling of carbon dioxide (CO2) sequestration. Carbon dioxide (CO2) sequestration pilot sites. Future trends. Conclusions. Acknowledgements.
Carbon dioxide (CO2) sequestration in oil and gas reservoirs and use for enhanced oil recovery (EOR);
B Vega and A R Kovscek, Stanford University, USA
Carbon dioxide (CO2) enhanced recovery mechanisms. Co-optimization of enhanced oil recovery (EOR) and carbon storage. Future trends: geologic storage in tight rocks. Summary and conclusions. Sources of further information and advice.
Carbon dioxide (CO2) sequestration in unmineable coal seams and use for enhanced coal-bed methane recovery (ECBM); M Mazzotti and R Pini, ETH Zurich, Switzerland, G Storti, Politecnico di Milano, Italy and L Burlini, ETH Zurich, Switzerland
Storage in unmineable coal seams. Enhanced coal bed methane recovery. Competitive adsorption. Swelling and permeability. Mass transfer and enhanced coal-bed methane (ECBM) modelling. Field tests. Future trends. Sources of further information and advice. .
MAXIMISING AND VERIFYING CARBON DIOXIDE (CO2) STORAGE IN UNDERGROUND RESERVIORS
Carbon dioxide (CO2) injection design to maximise underground reservoir storage and enhanced oil recovery (EOR); R Qi, T C LaForce and M J Blunt, Imperial College London, UK
Carbon storage in geological formations. Experiments of capillary trapping. Field-scale design of storage in aquifers. Storage in oilfields. Discussion and conclusions. Future trends. Sources of further information and advice. Acknowledgements.
Capillary seals for trapping carbon dioxide (CO2) in underground reservoirs; T A Meckel, The University of Texas at Austin, USA
Calculations of anticipated capillary pressures and seal capacities. Monte Carlo predictions of capillary pressure within a reservoir seal. Discussion. Conclusions. Future trends. Sources for further information and advice.
Measurement and monitoring technologies for verification of carbon dioxide (CO2) storage in underground reservoirs; R A Chadwick, Kingsley Dunham Centre, UK
Background to storage site monitoring. Detection and measurement of carbon dioxide (CO2) in the subsurface. Detection and measurement of carbon dioxide (CO2) leakage to surface. Conclusions and future trends. Sources of further information and advice.
Mathematical modeling of the long-term safety of carbon dioxide (CO2) storage in underground reservoirs
K Pruess, J Birkholzer and Q Zhou, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, USA
Coupled processes: a challenge for mathematical models. Ilustrative modeling applications. Conclusions. Acknowledgments.
TERRESTRIAL AND OCEAN SEQUESTRATION OF CARBON DIOXIDE (CO2) AND ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS
Terrestrial sequestration of carbon dioxide (CO2); R Lal, The Ohio State University, USA
The terrestrial pool and its role in the global carbon cycle. Emissions from agricultural versus other activities. Basic principles of carbon sequestration in terrestrial ecosystems. Potential of terrestrial sequestration. Challenges of terrestrial sequestration. Extrapolation. Soil and terrestrial carbon as indicators of climate change. Conclusions.
Ocean sequestration of carbon dioxide (CO2); D Golomb and S Pennell, University of Massachusetts Lowell, USA
History of carbon dioxide (CO2) deep ocean storage proposals. Legal constraints of deep ocean storage of carbon dioxide (CO2). Sources of anthropogenic carbon dioxide (CO2) for ocean storage. Ocean structure. Properties of carbon dioxide (CO2). Modeling of carbon dioxide (CO2) release. Injection of carbon dioxide, water and pulverized limestone (CO2/H2O/CaCO3) emulsion. Future trends. Conclusions. Sources of further information and advice.
Environmental risks and impacts of carbon dioxide (CO2) leakage in terrestrial ecosystems; M D Steven, K L Smith and J J Colls, University of Nottingham, UK
Leak scenarios. Impacts of terrestrial leakage. Atmospheric enrichment of carbon dioxide (CO2). Leak monitoring techniques. Conclusions and future trends. Sources of further information and advice.
Environmental risks and impacts of carbon dioxide (CO2) leakage in marine ecosystems; J Blackford, S Widdicombe and D Lowe, Plymouth Marine Laboratory, B Chen, Heriot Watt University, UK
The physical and chemical behaviour of carbon dioxide in the marine system. Marine ecosystem impacts of carbon dioxide (CO2) leakage. Leak monitoring options. Mitigation of leaks. Future trends. Sources of further information and advice.
ADVANCED CONCEPTS FOR CARBON DIOXIDE (CO2) STORAGE AND UTILISATION
Industrial utilisation of carbon dioxide (CO2); M Aresta and A Dibenedetto, Campus Universitario, Italy
The conditions for using carbon dioxide (CO2). The carbon dioxide (CO2) sources and its value. Technological uses of carbon dioxide (CO2). Biological enhanced utilization. Carbon dioxide (CO2) conversion as storage of excess and intermittent energy. Production of chemicals. Conclusions and future trends. Sources of further information and advice.
Biofixation of carbon dioxide (CO2) by micro-organisms; B Wang and C Q Lan, University of Ottawa, Canada
Basic principles and methods. Carbon dioxide (CO2) fixation microorganisms: chemoautrophs and photoautotrophs. Carbon dioxide (CO2) fixation by microalgae. Advantages and limitations. Future trends.
Mineralisation of carbon dioxide (CO2); R Zevenhoven and J Fagerlund, Åbo Akademi University, Finland
Basic principles and methods. Technologies and potential applications. Related issues. Future trends. Sources of further information and advice.
Photocatalytic reduction of carbon dioxide (CO2); J C S Wu, National Taiwan University, Taiwan
Fundamentals of photocatalysis. Renewable energy from photocatalytic reduction of carbon dioxide (CO2). Advantages and limitations of photocatalytic processes. Future trends. Sources of further information and advice.
Each chapter begins with an "Introduction" and concludes with "References"
About the Author :
Professor M. Mercedes Maroto-Valer is Director of the Centre for Innovation in Carbon Capture and Storage (CICCS), University of Nottingham, UK, and is noted for her research into energy and environmental technologies, with particular emphasis on carbon management.
