Clean Technology 2008: Bio Energy Renewables Green Buil

These proceedings from the 2008 CTSI conference provide the most prestigious forum in the world for leading clean tech scientists. The papers from the conference have been compiled into one easy-to-use resource to create the most authoritative and comprehensive compendium available across all of clean technology. This book covers bioenergy fuels, photovoltaics, wind energy, geothermal energy, green buildings, smart grid, fuel cells, hydrogen technology, green chemistry, sustainable industry practices, storage technologies, and energy policies.

Table of Contents:
Bio Energy Fuels, Novel Sources, & Policy Changing Roles: Cultivating Perennial Weeds vs. Conventional Crops for Bio-Energy Production. The Case of Cynara cardunculus N.G. Danalatos Direct Injection of Flue Gas into Coal Seams for Carbon Storage and Methane Production P.P. O’Brien Clean Waste Tech: Anaerobic Composting in Bioreactor Landfills S. Jewell Catalytic Conversion of Biomass to Hydrocarbons R.D. Cortright Analysis of the US Fuel Ethanol Industry and Market Expectations A. Wiselogel, J. Kistner, K. Althoff Nano-docking stations for synfuels catalysts on carbon nanotubes U.M. Graham, R.A. Khatri, N.J. Coville, A. Dozier, B.H. Davis Complete Microbiological Fuel Cell: A Photosynthetic Cathode Coupled to a Fermentative Anode E.E. Powell, J.C. Bolster, G.A. Hill, R.W. Evitts Bio Mass for CO2 Neutral Steel Production T. Gerdes, M. Willert-Porada Novel Membrane Technology for Green Ethylene Production U. Balachandran, T.H. Lee, S.E. Dorris, C.G. Scouten, C.L. Marshall Methanol Production for Renewable Energy Storage and Distribution W. Bishop High Quality Biodiesel from Spent Coffee Grounds M. Misra, N. Kondamudi, S.K. Mohapatra, S.E. John Impact of Government Biotechnology Regulations on Biofuel Development D.J. Glass Clean Combustion of Liquid Biofuels in Gas Turbines for Renewable Power Generation M.J. Ramotowski, R.J. Roby, P.E. Leo, D. Eskin Novel Alcohol-Based Diesel Fuels N. Schulz Improvements in biological hydrogen production by microbial fermentations P.C. Hallenbeck, G. Sabourin-Provost Integrated System Approach to Biofuels, Biorefineries, Renewable Resources, and Sustainable Development S. Elnashaie, I. Abu-Mahfouz, R. Ciocci Biofuels: Boom or Bust? J. Johnson, E. Palmacci Supporting biofuel distribution through F.A.ST. ™ on-demand, variable ratio blending with a review of climate controlled storing and dispensing of Diesel Exhaust Fluid (DEF) O. Baer, D. Shaw NanoEnergy—Technological and Economical Impact of Nanotechnology on the Energy Sector W. Luther The Opportunity Continuum: University-Industry Partnerships for Cleantech Investment A. Peters Renewables: Photovoltaics, Wind, & Geothermal Internet Based Inverter-Integrated Solar Power Meter System R. Hicks The Influence of Rebates and Incentives on the Solar Industry; What Obstacles Remain for US National Adoption of Solar PV? B. Neagle The Competitive Cost Position of Novel Thin Film Photovoltaic Module Technologies in High Temperature and Low Light Conditions A. Goodrich, T. Hannibal, J. Grimes, R. Wendt Electrospun TiO2 Fibers as a Material for Dye Sensitizied Solar Cells J. Duchoslav, L. Rubáek, L. Kavan, M. Zukalová, J. Procházka Use of Multiphysics Modeling to Improve Solar Thin Film Performance and Manufacture A. Jain, J. Sanyal, V. Ivanov, E. Grald, A. Mukhopadhyay Thin nanostructured solar cells on metal sheets M. Toivola, K. Miettunen, J. Halme, P. Lund Design of a Tandem Conjugated Polymer Bulk Heterostructure Solar Cell J. Valenzuela, S. Mil’shtein Enhanced Photocurrent in Transparent Lead Zirconate-Titanate Thin Film Capacitors under Sun Light Illumination L.E. Ocola, H. Li, O. Auciello Nanoplates and their suitability for use as solar cells M. Aagesen, C.B. Sørensen Mesoporous TiO2 Thin-Film for Dye-Sensitized Solar Cell (DSSC) Applications A. Vats, R. Shende, J. Swiatkiewicz, J. Puszynski Postproduction Annealing Effect on Solar Cells Based on Polymer and Zinc Oxide Nanorod Composites C-Y. Chou, J-S. Huang, C-F. Lin Optimal Design and Use of PV Water Pumping Systems in Armenia G. Ayvazyan, V. Buniatyan, A. Vardanyan Solar-Electric Commuting Trike with Manual Pedaling S. Mil’shtein, B. Srinivasan Post-annealing effect of copper phthalocyanine on enhancing the performance of green organic light-emitting diode S.Z. Chen, J.H. Jou, F.S. Tang, P.H. Chiang, C.Y. Chang Wind Characteristics of Algeria Y. Himri, B. Draoui, S. Himri The Case for Vertical Axis Wind Turbines T.C. Sankar Exergy Analysis of Double Flash Geothermal Power Plant, SABALAN, IRAN S.J. Nasrabady An “Atmospherically Healthy” Recipe for Carbon-Neutral Fuels: A Synthetic Fuel Made from Sunlight, CO2, and Water K. Littau Overview of Developments and Applications of Thermoelectrics Integrated with MEMS M. Takahashi Sustainable Energy Opportunities with the Geothermal Continuum H. Thorsteinsson, C. Augustine, B.J. Anderson, M.C. Moore, P.R. von Rohr, J.W. Tester Large Scale Integration of Wind Power Generation P.S. Moura, A.T. Almeida A New Computational Model for Fluid-Structure Interaction Phenomena in Wind-Turbine Blades F.L. Ponta, A.D. Otero, L.I. Lago Advanced Low-Temperature Geothermal Technology D. Thomas Surface plasmon polariton assisted organic solar cells C. Kim, J-Y. Lee, P. Peumans, J. Kim Green Buildings & Construction Photoactive and colored anodic oxides on titanium for architectural and design applications M.V. Diamanti, B. Del Curto, M. Ormellese, M.P. Pedeferri Design and Development of a Large-Scale Compressed Earth Block Building System for Developed Countries D. Tate, A. Ertas, T. Maxwell, K. Park, W. Lawson A Hybrid Approach to Carbon Reductions in Existing Homes: Deep Efficiency and Renewables B. Knox Environmentally Intelligent Integral Waterproofing and Corrosion Protection for Concrete S. Veramallay, T. Horan So You Want to Replace Your PVC S.E. Gibb, E.J. Beckman SITumbra—Energy Efficient Structurally Integrated Transparent Shaded Façade System H. Giles Energy Efficiency and O&M Cost Reduction Gained by Automatic Tube Cleaning System (ATCS) Installation in Oil Refinery Plant: Case Study and Fouling Global Perspectives Y. Jacobs New Coating Technology to Inhibit Toxic, Black Mold Growth F.T. Krotine, S.W.R. Amsey Cleantech Daylighting Using Smart Glass: A Survey of LEED Accredited Professionals G.M. Sottile Social-Interest Green House Design Based in Rapid Product Realization Methodology—Case Study Solar Green House ITESM A.A. Valerio, A. Molina, C.A. Cambero, A. Zarate Industrial Application of Total Performance Oriented Retro-Commissioning D. Xin, G. Liu, S. Gunawan The Role of Private Capital in Emerging Building Technologies A. Singer Smart Grid, Transmission, Policy Laying the Groundwork: Lessons Learned from the Telecommunications Industry for Distributed Generation A. Wise Impact of Biomass Based Distributed Generation on Electric Grid A.A. Kumar, A.R. Masannagari, A.K. Srivastava, N.N. Schulz Intelligent Electrical Energy Demand Management T. Healy Renewable Energy Technologies: A Veritable Tool for Women’s Empowerment in Niger Delta Communities C.P. Mbachu Energy in A New Light—Transforming Corporate Energy Use into a Weapon of Strategy D. Livesay, H. Marshall, K. Warren Natural Gas—A Bridge and a Destination C. Michael Ming Environmental Performance Assessment of Companies: Applying Life Cycle Assessment at the Enterprise Level J. Dettling, Y. Loerincik, M. Margni, O. Jolliet Public Policy and Cleantech—Obstacle or Asset? A. Wardak, V. Taneja Institutional Challenges and Opportunities: Decentralized and Integrated Water Resource Infrastructure V.I. Nelson FTC’s Regulation of Green Marketing Claims E.P. Laws, C.B. Leopold Fuel Cell & Hydrogen Technologies In-plane and through-plane electrochemical conductivity and fuel cell performance of thin-film YSZ electrolytes A.C. Johnson, S. Ramanathan Continuous Hydrothermal Flow Syntheses of Nanosize Materials Used in Solid Oxide Fuel Cells X. Weng, J.A. Darr Effects of Spin Coating Catalysts on Micro-Fuel Cells Efficiency T. Lung, T. Reissman, B. Kirby, E. Garcia Modeling the Temperature Field in Reforming Anodes of a Button-Shaped SOFC I. Zinovik, D. Poulikakos Directed Self-Organization and Molecular Wiring of Catalytic Nanoparticles for Fuel Cells N.K. Dutta, S. Mayavan, N. Roy Choudhury Novel Composite Membranes Containing Functionalized Silsesquioxanes and Ionic Liquids for High Temperature Fuel Cell Applications N. Dutta, N. Roy Choudhury, S. Subianto, M. Mistry Nanomaterials for Desulfurization and Hydrogen Generation G. Venugopal, N. Vylkov, K. Unfried, M. Sapp, A. Hunt Bifurcation Behavior of a Novel Auto-Thermal Circulating Fluidized Bed (CFB) Membrane Reformer I. Abu-Mahfouz, S. Elnashaie, R. Ciocci Development of Efficient, Compact, and Environmentally Friendly Hydrocarbon Reformer for the Production of Pure Hydrogen R. Ciocci, I. Abu-Mahfouz, S. Elnashaie New Catalytic System for Producing Pure Hydrogen-Water-Gas-Shift Reaction of Supported Copper Catalysts H. Yahiro, K. Saiki, T. Yamamoto, K. Sagata, M. Asamoto, H. Yamaura Computer Simulation of Hydrogen Storage Materials M. Katagiri, H. Onodera, H. Ogawa Zirconia Aerogel-Polyxometalate Composites Synthesis with Applications in Solid Oxide/Acid Fuel Cells A. Nicoara, V. Cosoveanu, I. Ladiu, L. Baia, M. Baia, L. Muresan, I. Stamatin, V. Danciu Study on the Cathode Materials for Achieving IT-SOFC with Proton Conductor M. Asamoto, S. Miyake, Y. Yonei, H. Yamaura, H. Yahiro Structural Stability of Hydrogen Storage Materials M. Katagiri, H. Onodera, H. Ogawa Carbon Aerogel-Supported Pt with Applications in Fuel Cells L.C. Cotet, A. Andronie, I. Stamatin, I.D. Stamatin, V. Cosoveanu, V. Danciu Generating Hydrogen on Demand by Splitting Water with Al Rich Alloys J.M. Woodall, J. Ziebarth, C.R. Allen J. Jeon, G. Choi Protective Sensor Coatings for High-Throughput Screening of Hydrogen-Producing Microbes H. Pryce Lewis An Assessment of Renewable Hydrogen Costs, Infrastucture, and Resource Constraints S. Lasher, M. Marion, M. Kromer, K. Roth Domestic hydrogen production by an integrated biomass gasification/sponge iron process T. Gerdes, M. Willert-Porada Renewable Hydrogen Production around the Globe K. Deason, A. Smith Production of Renewable Solar Hydrogen Using Semiconductor Metal Oxides by Water Photoelectrolysis M. Misra, S.K. Mohapatra, V.K. Mahajan, P.P. Das, K.S. Raja Deposition and Characterization of Platinum Nanoparticles on Highly Orientated Pyrolytic Graphite N. Elizondo Villarreal, C. Novar, J.P. Zhou, L. Alvarez Contreras, R. Tel Vered Micropatterning Layers by Flame Aerosol Deposition-Annealing A. Tricoli, M. Graf, F. Mayer, S. Kühne, A. Hierlemann, S.E. Pratsinis Green Chemistry & Sustainable Industry Practices Clean Hydrogen Peroxide Synthesis via a Nanocatalyst Process B. Zhou Low-Energy, Solventless Coating Processes H.P. Lewis Biodegradable polymers from whey L.S. Serafim, P.C. Lemos, M.A. Prieto, M.A.M. Reis UV Coatings Deliver Best Economic Value Statement M. Kelly, D. Sweetwood Environmentally Sound Photoreactive Cleaning: A Product and Technology Overview D.J. Elliott, V.M. Chaplick Benefits of Compact Electron Beam Adoption in Industrial Processes: Case Studies on Energy and Water Savings and Reduced Pollution Output and Chemical Use M. Rutherford, A. Testoni, J. Epstein Sustainability in the Polymer Industry J.D. Hensel, R.A. Schwarz, C.W. Grispin Engineering of efficient biocatalysts using nanostructured mesoporous silicate carriers K. Szymanska, J. Bryjak, A.B. Jarzebski A Portable Raman Sensor for the Rapid Identification of the Olive Oil X. Qi, X. Zhang, M. Zou, Y. Chen, J. Ye Sensor for real-time monitoring of food degradation N. Ibrisimovic, M. Bauer, F. Pittner Environmental and Economic Assessment of Nano-Fabrication Processes of Memory Devices L. Dahlben, J.A. Isaacs Nanofiltration of Electrolyte Solutions by Sub-2nm Carbon Nanotube Membranes F. Fornasiero, H.G. Park, J.K. Holt, M. Stadermann, S. Kim, J.B. In, C.P. Grigoropoulos, A. Noy, O. Bakajin New Nanostructured Cellulose Materials E. Vismara, G. Gastaldi, L. Melone, C. Cosentino, G. Torri Photocatalytic Activity Assessment of Some Transition Metal Doped M. Popa, L. Baia, C. Ghica, V. Cosoveanu, M. Baia, V. Danciu Disinfection of Cryptosporidium Parvum Oocysts in Water Using Ultrasonic Treatment M.E. Olvera, K. Ilangovan Effects-Based Risk Assessment of Emerging and Existing Nanomaterials S. Chan-Remillard, L. Kapustka, S. Goudey Nanomaterials down the Drain: Perception and Reality K. Sellers, L.L. Bergeson Nanosize Iron Oxide for CO Oxidation Z. Wu, M. Fransson, B. Zhou New Type of High Sensitive Detection of Particles Based on DeFET M.F. Ibrahim, F. Elsayed, Y.H. Ghallab, W. Badawy Palladium/Polymer Nanocomposite-Based Chemiresistive SO2 Sensor D. Meka, V. Onbattuvelli, S. Atre, S. Prasad Structure-property relationships in Pd/Polycarbonate based chemical sensors S.V. Atre, O.P. Valmikanathan, D.B. Meka, S. Prasad Self-Assembly of Polymers and NanoParticles in Personal Care Products M.C. Berg, N.A. Suddaby, D. Soane Toward Nanoscaled Systems: New Dispersing Technologies L. Fischer, S. Scheid, C. Thomas Nanoscaled Mg(OH)2 Used as Flame Retardant Additive Z. Zhou, Z. Wu, M. Fransson, B. Zhou NanoZeolites—porous nanomaterials for cleantech, encapsulation, and triggered release applications W. Daniell, J. Sauer, A. Kohl Lithium selective adsorption on low-dimensional TiO2 nanoribbons Q-H. Zhang, S-P. Li, S-Y. Sun, X-S. Yin, J-G. Yu Transportation & Storage Technologies Full Fuel Cycle Assessment of Alternative Transportation Fuels in California L.R. Waterland, J. Pont, M.D. Jackson, M. Addy The Cleanest Cars: Well-to-Wheels Emissions S. Boschert Light-Off Characteristics for Diesel Oxidation Catalysts in Monolith Reactors: Effects of Catalyst Distribution Schemes N. Kapur, L. Wang, T.J. Truex, K.L. Fujdala, J.B. Nicholas Advanced Nickel Zinc Technology Meets HEV Requirements J.A. Carcone Self-Assembled Manganese Dioxide Thin Films as Novel Electrode Material for the Fabrication of Thin-Film Supercapacitors S. Cem Pang, B.H. Wee Preparation and characterization of electrospun nickel oxide/polymer fibrous electrodes for electrochemical capacitor H. Tsutsumi, S. Hosogai Overview of Miniature Energy Harvesting Technologies K. Sano Use of Reticle Carbon in Supercapacitors C.C. Nesbitt Novel Lithium-Based Reserved Micro Power Cell Based on Micro Fluidic Design F. Allen, S. Simon, V. Lifton The Dynaplane Design for Planing Motorboats E.P. Clement, J. Hollingsworth, R. Scher Control Strategies for Personal Rapid Transit System J-H. Lee Design and Analysis of a Small-Scale Generator for the Portable Power Pack H.G. Jeong, K.C. Kim, N.J. Jeong, J.H. Lee Integrated BMS and Analog IC Charge Isolation Architecture in Large Battery Systems C. Choi, B. Baugh, W. Radachonski, A. Choi, S-W. Chan Multi-level Computational Chemistry Approach for Phase Change Behavior of Water Induced by Laser Irradiation H. Takaba, A. Nomura, Y. Sasaki, K. Chiba, H. Hata, K. Okushi, A. Suzuki, H. Tsuboi, M. Koyama, N. Hatakeyama, A. Endou, M. Kubo, C.A. Delcarpio, M. Kitada, H. Kabashima, A. Miyamoto Ultra Accelerated Quantum Chemical Molecular Dynamics Study on Mechanochemical Reaction of Micro-Bubble Induced by Shock Wave N. Hatakeyama, A. Nomura, Y. Sasaki, K. Chiba, H. Hata, K. Okushi, A. Suzuki, M. Koyama, H. Tsuboi, A. Endou, H. Takaba, M. Kubo, C.A. Del Carpio, M. Kitada, H. Kabashima, A. Miyamoto Supercapacitor like structure for micro-battery and radiation energy harvesting tile L. Popa-Simil, I..L. Popa-Simil Improvement of electric energy density in PVDF terpolymer nanocomposites and blends B. Chu, B. Neese, M. Lin, X. Zhou, Q. Chen, Q.M. Zhang Electrospun Nanofiber Layers for Applications in Electrochemical Devices L. Rubáek, J. Duchoslav, M. Zukalová, J. Procházka, L. Kavan Nanofluid Coreflood Experiments in the ARAB-D: On the Road to Developing In Situ Reservoir Nanodevices M.Y. Kanj, J.J. Funk Nanomonitors for Energy Systems D. Meka, V. Onbattuvelli, S. Atre, S. Prasad Structured carbon nanotubes for hydrogen storage for on-board vehicle application with 6.5 wt% J. Uchrin, R. Uchrin Water Clean Technologies Improving Water Management in Fuel Cell Flow Channels via Oscillation of Water Droplets R. Schultz, J. Diebel, J. Allen Off-Grid Fuel Cell System for High Power Quality Applications R.J.S. Lima, A.T. de Almeida, A.M.S. Mendes, A.J.M. Cardoso Drinking water treatment with Caspian region natural sorbents M.A. Egorov Unrestricted Water Reuse and Low Energy Cluster Wastewater System Producing TN