About the Book
The corrosion of carbon steels in amine units used for gas treatment in refining operations is a major problem for the petrochemical industry. Maximizing amine unit reliability, together with improving throughput, circulation, and treatment capacity, requires more effective ways of measuring and predicting corrosion rates. However, there has been a lack of data on corrosion. This valuable report helps to remedy this lack of information by summarizing findings from over 30 plants. It covers such amine types as Methyl Diethanolamine (MDEA), Diethanolamine (DEA), Monoethanolamine (MEA) and Di-isopropanolamine (DIPA), and makes recommendations on materials and process parameters to maximize amine unit efficiency and reliability.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Technical background
Process Issues; Pre-treatment, Absorber, Regenerator. Important issues. Corrosion Issues; General factors, Mechanisms, Rich amine, Lean amine, Acid gas attack, Heat stable salts, Make-up water quality, Erosion corrosion, Proprietary chemical additions, Corrosion in regenerator overheads, Hydrogen-related cracking in Wet H2S systems, Alkaline stress corrosion cracking. Materials.
Experience from 10 Plants Using Methyl Diethanolamine (MDEA)
Gas composition. Materials and performance; Carbon steel materials, Special carbon steel materials, Special stainless steel materials, Clad or coat. Operating parameters; Amine, Acid gases/HSAS/Velocity/Reboil (°C), Make-up water, Filtration, O2 leakage, Inlet Gas KO, Design factors. Corrosion control; Any treatments? Monitoring, Control parameters for overhead. Corrosion problems experienced. Summary of some of the data.
Experience from 21 Plants using Diethanolamine (DEA)
Gas composition. Materials of construction; Carbon steel materials, Special carbon steel materials, Special stainless steel materials, Overlays, cladding, coating, Stress relieving policy. Operating parameters; Velocity, Make-up water, What solids are present and what filtration, O2 leakage, Inlet gas KO valve, Design factors taken care of? Corrosion control; Any treatments, Monitoring, Control parameters for overheads. Corrosion problems experienced; Findings for each item, Summary of findings per equipment.
Experience from 4 Plants using Monoethanolamine (MEA)
Gas composition. Materials of construction; Carbon steel materials, Any special carbon steels, Special stainless steels, Any overlays, cladding, coating? Operating parameters; Amine concentration, Losses, Foaming, Rich amine acid gas, Lean amine acid gas, Velocity, HSAS, Reboiler, Make-up water, Solids, O2 leakage, Inlet gas KO vessel, Design factors. Corrosion control; Any treatments? Monitoring, Control parameters. Corrosion problems experienced; Regenerator, Regenerator overheads, Regenerator reboiler, Lean/Rich exchanger, No corrosion.
Experience from 1 Plant using Di-isopropanolamine (DIPA)
Gas composition. Materials of construction; Material, Any special carbon steels, Special stainless steels, Overlays, cladding, coating, Stress relieving policy. Operating parameters; Amine concentration, Loss, Foaming, Rich amine acid gas, Lean amine acid gas, Velocity, HSAS, Reboiler, Make-up water, Solids, O2 leakage, Inlet gas KO vessel, Design factors. Corrosion control; Any treatments, Monitoring, Control parameters. Corrosion problems experienced; Piping/equipment.
About the Author :
European Federation of Corrosion, UK Institut Francais du Petrole, Paris, France
