About the Book
Discusses New Advancements to Improve Existing Simulations of Plant Nitrogen Written by research pioneers and leading scientists in the area of agricultural systems, Quantifying and Understanding Plant Nitrogen Uptake for Systems Modeling comprehensively covers plant N uptake in agricultural system models, especially for building soil-plant system models. The text illustrates how to minimize the transportation of nitrogen fertilizers in crop production to surface and ground waters, as even moderate errors in uptake estimations lead to a dramatic increase in the amount of nitrogen leached into groundwater. It also highlights the knowledge gaps preventing correct simulation of this process and explains what to look for when using a system model and interpreting simulation results. Applies to a Variety of Crops, Including Oilseed, Wheat, Potatoes, and Maize Addressing quantification and synthesis in the context of system modeling, this text introduces cutting-edge and original information regarding N uptake not previously offered by other research texts in the field.
This, in turn, benefits scientists, professors, system modelers, and model users in interpreting modeling results for enhancing nitrogen management and developing decision support tools. This volume documents, with complex, detailed models, plant N uptake based on absorption kinetics of transporters across the root cell membranes, mass flow, and diffusion to the root surface of single or composite roots. It also provides simpler models used in N uptake simulations at the field and watershed scales. Discusses All Areas of the Complex Process In addition to the important processes of nitrogen translocation, remobilization, and grain protein formation, the book documents various philosophies, mechanisms, and scales in simulating plant N uptake in agricultural system models, while providing an extensive review of the uptake of dissolved organic nitrogen by plants in ecosystems. .
Table of Contents:
Current Status and Future Needs in Modeling Plant Nitrogen Uptake: A Preface. Modeling Nitrogen Fixation and Its Relationship to Nitrogen Uptake in the CROPGRO Model. Modeling Nitrate Uptake and Nitrogen Dynamics in Winter Oilseed Rape (Brassuca napus L.). Control of Plant Nitrogen Uptake in Native Ecosystems by Rhizospheric Processes. Dissolved Organic Nitrogen and Mechanisms of Its Uptake by Plants in Agricultural Systems, Water and Nitrogen Uptake and Responses in Models of Wheat, Potatoes, and Maize, Modeling Grain Protein Formation in Relation to Nitrogen Uptake and Remobilization in Rice, Modeling Water and Nitrogen Uptake Using a Single-Root Concept: Exemplified by the Use in the Daisy Model. Modeling Plant Nitrogen Uptake Using Three-Dimensional and One-Dimensional Root Architecture. Simulation of Nitrogen Demand and Uptake in Potato Using a Carbon-Assimilation Approach. Roots Below One-Meter Depth Are Important for Uptake of Nitrate by Annual Crops. Nitrogen-Uptake Effects on Nitrogen Loss in Tile Drainage as Estimated by RZWQM. Simulated Soil Water Content Effect on Plant Nitrogen Uptake and Export for Watershed Management.
About the Author :
Liwang Ma is a soil scientist with the USDA-ARS, Agricultural Systems Research Unit in Fort Collins, Colorado. Dr. Ma received his B.S. and M.S. in agricultural biophysics from Beijing Agricultural University (now China Agricultural University) in 1984 and 1987, respectively, and his Ph.D. in soil science from Louisiana State University in 1993. He has authored and coauthored 70 journal papers and 50 other published works (books, book chapters, and proceedings). His research interests center on agricultural systems modeling and include pesticide fates, plant growth, soil carbon/nitrogen dynamics, plant water and nitrogen uptake, and soil water and nutrient movement. He is the principal scientist responsible for developing, enhancing, and maintaining the USDA-ARS Root Zone Water Quality Model (RZWQM2). He is a Fellow of the American Society of Agronomy and has served as an associate editor of the Journal of the Soil Science Society of America (2001–2007). He is now serving as associate editor of the Agronomy Journal and the Journal of Environmental Quality. Lajpat (Laj) R. Ahuja is a supervisory soil scientist and research leader of the USDAARS, Agricultural Systems Research Unit in Fort Collins, Colorado. He has made original and pioneering research contributions in several areas of agricultural systems, including infiltration and water flow in soils, estimation and scaling of hydraulic properties, transport of agrochemicals to runoff and to groundwater through soil matrix and macropores, quantification of the effects of tillage and other management practices on relevant properties and processes, and modeling of entire agricultural systems and application of system models in field research and technology transfer. Dr. Ahuja has authored or coauthored 270 publications and served as associate editor (1987–1992) and technical editor (1994–1996) of the Journal of the Soil Science Society of America. He is a Fellow of the Soil Science Society of America (SSSA), the American Society of Agronomy (ASA), and the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS). Dr. Ahuja is a recipient of the USDA-ARS, Southern Plains Area, Scientist of the Year Award; USDA-ARS, Northern Plains Area, Scientist of the Year Award; USDA-ARS, Technology Transfer Award; Federal Laboratory Consortium (FLC), Excellence in Technology Transfer Award; SSSA Don Kirkham Soil Physics Award; and ASA Environmental Quality Award. Thomas W. Bruulsema, a native of Ancaster, Ontario, is director of the northeast region of the North American Program of the International Plant Nutrition Institute (IPNI). His research focuses on the benefits of plant nutrition for the crops of the region, and his educational activities feature responsible, science-based use of fertilizer nutrients. Before joining the institute as regional director in 1994, Dr. Bruulsema held a research associate position at the University of Minnesota. He holds a Ph.D. in soil science from Cornell University. He also has experience in international agriculture, having served four years with the Mennonite Central Committee as a research agronomist in Bangladesh. He currently serves as president of the Canadian Society of Agronomy. He served as president of the Northeast Branch of the American Society of Agronomy and of the Soil Science Society of America from 1999 to 2002. He has also been active in the Certified Crop Adviser (CCA) program, having served as chair of the International (2001–2004) and Ontario (1999–2000) boards, and currently represents CCA on the board of directors of the American Society of Agronomy. Dr. Bruulsema is a Fellow of the American Society of Agronomy.
Review :
Ma et al have compiled tile latest developments in modeling plant nitrogen uptake. Through 13 chapters the contributing authors cover topics from the rhizosphere and roots to mycorrluzae and Michaelis-Menten kinetics. Each chapter is straight to the point and focuses on a different model and crop, which is useful as an introduction to each model as well as insightful into specific crop behaviour. A good overview of model structure is provided for each model, and most are tested against data!this should be the first source to go to for a solid overview of quantifying and understanding plant nitrogen uptake for systems modeling. --CAMBRIDGE JOURNALS, 2010
