Financing Terrorism: Case Studies

Without money, terrorists cannot function as organizations and cannot conduct attacks. Yet the questions remain, how vulnerable are terrorists to financial disruptions? Can governments put pressure on their finances in meaningful ways or are they too resilient and adaptive to be affected by state actions? These and other questions about terrorism financing are vigorously debated by scholars and policymakers, particularly since the attacks of September 11th 2001 . While there is a growing literature on policy issues, strategies, and countermeasures, states must first understand their enemies before developing strategies to defeat them. So, instead of focusing on the state response, this book asks a more foundational question: How do different terrorist groups actually raise money? What are their budgets? What do their portfolios look like? How have they changed over time? What are the advantages and disadvantages of different sources of financing? The book includes case studies of 11 different terrorist groups or sets of groups within a country. It is clear that each group has a different portfolio tailored to their needs and their environment and this makes countering terrorist financing more challenging for the state. This topical book will be required reading for all students and scholars interested in terrorism financing as well as those working in government agencies tasked with combating terrorist groups and their financial resources.

Table of Contents:
Contents: Part I Introduction: Introduction to financing terrorism: case studies, Michael Freeman; Sources of terrorist financing, Michael Freeman. Part II Middle East: Insurgent and terrorist finances in Iraq, Michael Freeman, Chris L'Heureux, Dan Furleigh and Duke Pope; Hezbollah: the organization and its finances, Doug Philippone. Part III Asia: Partiya Karkeren Kurdistan (PKK), Moyara Ruehsen; Laskar-e-Taiba (LeT), Geoffrey Kambere; Puay Hock Goh, Pranav Kumar and Fulgence Msafiri; Financing the Taliban, Justin Y. Reese; The Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE), Christopher L. Corley; Terrorist financing in the Philippines, Wade A. Germann, Eric Hartunian, Richard A. Polen and Krishnamurti Mortela. Part IV Europe: Financing the Loyalists of Northern Ireland, Stein-Fr Kynoe; Financing the Islamist groups in Albania, Eduart Bala. Part V Americas: The FARC of Colombia, Saul Hiram Bandala; The finances of the National Liberation Army (ELN), Celso Andrade-Garzon. Part VI Conclusion: Thinking critically about terrorist financing, Michael Freeman; Index.

About the Author :
Michael Freeman is an Assistant Professor at the Naval Postgraduate School, USA. Michael Freeman, Chris L'Heureux, Dan Furleigh, Duke Pope, Doug Philippone, Moyara Ruehsen, Geoffrey Kambere, Puay Hock Goh, Pranav Kumar, Fulgence Msafiri, Justin Y. Reese, Christopher L. Corley, Wade A. Germann, Eric Hartunian, Richard A. Polen, Krishnamurti Mortela, Stein-Fr Kynoe, Eduart Bala, Saul Hiram Bandala, Celso Andrade-Garzon.

Review :
'Freeman has assembled a timely and important collection of insightful case studies that demonstrate how combating modern terrorist groups requires an understanding of their financial complexities and vulnerabilities. This book will be well-received by scholars, teachers and students in the field of terrorism studies as well as counterterrorism policymakers and practitioners.' James J.F. Forest, University of Massachusetts Lowell, USA 'Financing Terrorism offers a unique examination of how and why terrorist groups raise money. The combination of innovative theory and rich case studies from leading academics and practitioners make this book an invaluable contribution to the study of terrorism.' Seth G. Jones, RAND and Georgetown University, USA