Tectonic Controls on Carbonate Platform Evolution
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Tectonic Controls on Carbonate Platform Evolution

Tectonic Controls on Carbonate Platform Evolution


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About the Book

Carbonate platforms provide a high-resolution record of sea-level fluctuations, paleoclimatic change, paleoceanographic circulation patterns, and biological evolution, yet the influence of tectonic deformation on platform sedimentation remains poorly understood at a variety of temporal and spatial scales. This book covers all aspects of tectonic deformation and its influence on carbonate platform sedimentation. All scales of deformation are described and assessed. The role of tectonics on platform location, platform morphology, internal stratigraphic patterns, and facies distributions within individual platforms is examined in detail, using both theoretical approaches and observational data.

Table of Contents:
Table of Contents. A preliminary Table of Contents for the volume follows:. Chapter I: INTRODUCTION. Introduction. Organization and Philosophy. Initial Questions to Ask. General Controls on Carbonate-Platform Evolution. Tectonic Controls on Bathymetry and Surface Gradients. Tectonic Subsidence Rates. Tectonic Controls on Siliciclastic Influx. Underfilled vs Overfilled Basins. Growth Potential of Carbonate Platforms. Introduction to Spatial and Temporal Scales of Tectonic Deformation and Growth Stratal Patterns. Short-Term, Fault-Controlled Deformation and the Earthquake Cycle. * The Earthquake Cycle and Incremental Surface Deformations. * Other Views of the Earthquake Cycle. * Characteristics of Short-Term, Incremental Surface Deformations. * Fault-Controlled Growth Stratal Patterns Within Carbonate Platforms. Long-Term, Long-Wavelength Deformation: Basin-Scale Differential Subsidence. * Crustal Thinning. * Thermal Subsidence. * Regional Flexural Subsidence. * Regional Deflections Caused by Fluctuating In-Plane Stress. * Dynamic Topography. * Techniques for Subsidence Analysis. * Aspects of Long-Term, Regional Growth Stratal Patterns Within Carbonate Platforms. Previous Studies of Tectonic Controls on Carbonate-Platform Evolution. Overview of Carbonate-Platform Terminology. Ramps vs Shelves. Land-Attached vs Isolated Platforms. Temporal and Spatial Transitions Between Platform Types. Small-Scale Depositional Structures and Diagenetic Features in Carbonate Rocks as Indicators of Ancient Tectonic Deformation. Horizontal Plate Motions and Carbonate-Platform Evolution. . Chapter II: CARBONATE PLATFORMS IN EXTENSIONAL SETTINGS: SAG BASINS, INTRACONTINENTAL RIFT BASINS, AND PASSIVE CONTINENTAL MARGINS. Introduction. Terminology for Extensional Basins. Overview of Tectonic Models for Extensional Basins. Large-Scale Kinematic and Thermo-Mechanical Models for Extensional Basins. * Pure Shear Model and Effects of Finite Rifting. * Lateral Heat-flow Models. * Depth-dependent Stretching Models. * Simple Shear Model. * Combined Pure Shear/Simple Shear Model. * Other Kinematic and Thermo-Mechanical Rift Models. * Effects of Preexisting Faults and Other Discontinuities in Continental Lithosphere on Rift Geometry and Evolution. * Lithospheric Structure Resulting from Continental Break-up. Subsidence History Across Extensional Settings. * Fault-Controlled, Syn-rift Differential Subsidence. * Long-Term, Long Wavelength, Post-rift Differential Subsidence. * Subsidence in Intracontinental Sag Basins. Evolution of Crustal Structures in Extensional Settings. * Characteristics and Classification of Normal Faults. * Evolution of Extensional Fault Systems: Initiation, Propagation, Linkage, and Scaling Laws. * Regional Patterns of Crustal Deformation. Other Controls on the Regional Geomorphologic Evolution and Differential Subsidence Patterns Across Extensional Settings. * Pre-rift Topography. * Rift-Flank Uplift. Carbonate Platforms in Extensional Settings. Timing of Platform Initiation in Extensional Basins. Syn-rift Carbonate Platforms in Extensional Basins. * Tectonic Controls on the Dimensions, Morphologies, and Growth Histories of Syn-Rift Carbonate Platforms. * Carbonate-Platform Growth Stratal Patterns During the Syn-rift Phase. * General Tectono-Stratigraphic Models for Syn-Rift Carbonate Platforms. Post-rift Carbonate Platforms in Extensional Basins. * Temporal Changes in Post-Rift Subsidence. * Spatial Changes in Post-Rift Subsidence. * Growth Stratal Patterns Within Post-Rift Platforms. * Post-Rift Platforms in Failed Intracontinental Rift Basins. * Post-Rift Platforms Along Passive Margins. Intracontinental Sag Basins. Tectonic Models for Intracontinental Sag Basins. Differential Subsidence and Regional Stratigraphic Patterns in Intracontinental Sag Basins. General Platform Morphologies. Examples of Carbonate Platforms in Intracontinental Sag Basins. Tectonically Enhanced Unconformities in Extensional Settings. Rift-Onset Unconformity. Syn-Rift Unconformities. Post-Rift Unconformities. Drowning Unconformities. Chapter III: CARBONATE PLATFORMS IN COMPRESSIONAL SETTINGS: FOREARC, INTRA-ARC, BACK-ARC, AND FORELAND BASINS. Introduction. General Models and Tectonic Controls on the Evolution of Convergent Margins. Overview of Tectonic Models for Convergent Margins. Margin Geometries and Relative Plate Motions. Spatial and Temporal Changes in Subduction and Extrusion Tectonics. Physiography and Tectonic Features of Convergent Margins. Tectonic Controls on Carbonate Sedimentation in Convergent Margin Basins. Forearc Region. * Dimensions, Tectonic Evolution, and Uplift/Subsidence Patterns of Forearc Depocenters. * Deformation of Underfilled vs Overfilled Forearc Basins. Carbonate Platforms and Reefs Across the Forearc Region. * Subduction Complex. * Forearc Basins. * General Tectono-Stratigraphic Model for Carbonate Facies Deposited Across Forearc Regions. Intra-Arc Basins. * Dimensions, Tectonic Evolution, and Uplift/Subsidence Patterns of Intra-arc Basins. Carbonate Platforms and Reefs Within Intra-arc Basins. * General Tectono-Stratigraphic Model for Intra-arc Carbonate Platforms and Reefs. Backarc Basins. * Dimensions, Tectonic Evolution, and Uplift/Subsidence Patterns of Backarc Basins. * Long-Term Subsidence Patterns. * Coseismic and Other Short-Term Surface Deformations. Carbonate Platforms and Reefs Within Backarc Basins. * General Tectono-Stratigraphic Model for Backarc Carbonate Platforms and Reefs. Foreland Basins. * Tectonic Models for Foreland Basins. * Other Forms of Long-Wavelength Deformation Across Foreland Settings. * Complex and Broken Foreland Basins. * Long-Term Subsidence Patterns. Carbonate Platforms and Reefs in Foreland Basin Settings. * Silciclastic-Carbonate Interactions. * Wedge-top Depozone. * Foredeep Depozone. * Distal Foredeep, Forebulge, and Back-bulge Depozones. * Successor Foreland Basins. * General Tectono-Stratigraphic Model for Backarc Carbonate Platforms and Reefs. Tectonically Enhanced Unconformities in Convergent-Margin Settings. . Chapter IV: CARBONATE PLATFORMS IN STRIKE-SLIP SETTINGS. Introduction. Overview of Tectonic Models for Strike-Slip Deformation Zones. Stress-Strain Analysis Within Strike-Slip Deformation Zones. Description of Strike-Slip Deformation Zones. * Classification and Terminology of Strike-Slip Fault Systems. * Depth of Strike-Slip Faults. Structural Styles Associated with Strike-Slip Deformation Zones. Characteristics and Tectonic Evolution of Strike-Slip Basins. Basin Dimensions. Tectonic Models for Strike-Slip Basins. * Transtensional Basins. * Transpressional Basins. Differential Subsidence Patterns Associated with Strike-Slip Basins and Related Deformation Zones. Strike-Slip Fault Displacements and Related Surface Deformations. * Coseismic and Cumulative Displacements Along Strike-Slip Faults. Lifetime of Intracontinental Strike-Slip Basins. Long-Term, Long-Wavelength Subsidence Patterns Across Strike-Slip Settings. Subsidence Histories of Strike-Slip Settings. Strike-Slip Deformation Across Foreland and Intracratonic Settings. Examples: Modern and Ancient. Carbonate Platforms and Reefs Within Strike-Slip Settings. Tectonostratigraphic Classification of Carbonate Platforms in Strike-Slip Settings. * Syntectonic Carbonate Platforms. * Post-tectonic Carbonate Platforms on Antecedent Topography. Tectonic Drowning of Carbonate Platforms in Strike-Slip Settings. General Tectono-Stratigraphic Models for Syn- and Post-Tectonic Carbonate Platforms in Strike-Slip Settings. Siliciclastic-Carbonate Interactions. Tectonically Enhanced Unconformities. Examples. . Chapter V: CARBONATE PLATFORMS ON OCEANIC PLATEAUS. (CHAPTER IS INCOMPLETE). Chpater VI: SALT-SHALE AND INVERSION TECTONICS. (CHAPTER IS INCOMPLETE)

About the Author :
Steve Dorobek Department of Geology & geophysics Texas A&M University College Station TX 77843-3115


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Product Details
  • ISBN-13: 9781405194624
  • Publisher: John Wiley and Sons Ltd
  • Publisher Imprint: Wiley-Blackwell (an imprint of John Wiley & Sons Ltd)
  • Language: English
  • ISBN-10: 1405194626
  • Publisher Date: 20 Aug 2010
  • Binding: Hardback
  • No of Pages: 320


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