The Ethics of War is an indispensable collection of essays addressing issues both timely and age-old about the nature and ethics of war.
- Features essays by great thinkers from ancient times through to the present day, among them Plato, Augustine, Aquinas, Machiavelli, Grotius, Kant, Russell, and Walzer
- Examines timely questions such as: When is recourse to arms morally justifiable? What moral constraints should apply to military conduct? How can a lasting peace be achieved?
- Will appeal to a broad range of readers interested in morality and ethics in war time
- Includes informative introductions and helpful marginal notes by editors
Table of Contents:
Preface
Acknowledgments
Part I: Ancient and Early Christian
1. Thucydides (ca. 460-ca. 400 BC): War and Power
2. Plato (427-347 BC): Tempering War among the Greeks
3. Aristotle (384-322 BC): Courage, Slavery, and Citizen Soldiers
4. Roman Law of War and Peace (7th century BC-1st century AD): Ius Fetiale
5. Cicero (106-43 BC): Civic Virtue as the Foundation of Peace
6. Early Church Fathers (2nd-4th century): Pacifism and Defense of the Innocent
7. Augustine (354-430): Just War in the Service of Peace
Part II: Medieval
8. Medieval Peace Movements (975-1123): Religious Limitations on Warfare
9. The Crusades (11th-13th century): Christian Holy War
10. Gratian and the Decretists (12th century): War and Coercion in the Decretum
11. John of Salisbury (ca. 1120-1180): The Challenge of Tyranny
12. Raymond of Peñafort (ca. 1175-1275) & William of Rennes (13th century): The Conditions of Just War, Self-Defense and their Legal Consequences under Penitential Jurisdiction
13. Innocent IV (ca. 1180-1254): The Kinds of Violence and the Limits of Holy War
14. Alexander of Hales (ca. 1185-1245): Virtuous Dispositions in Warfare
15. Hostiensis (ca. 1200-1271): A Topology of Internal and External War
16. Thomas Aquinas (ca. 1225-1274): Just War and Sins against Peace
17. Dante Alighieri: (1265-1321): Peace by Universal Monarchy
18. Bartolus of Saxoferrato (ca. 1313-1357): Roman War in Christendom
19. Christine de Pizan (ca. 1364-ca. 1431): War and Chivalry
20. Raphaël Fulgosius (1367-1427): Just War Reduced to Public War
Part III: Late Scholastic and Reformation
21. Erasmus of Rotterdam (1466-1536): The Spurious 'Right to War'
22. Cajetan (1468-1534): War and Vindicative Justice
23. Niccolò Machiavelli (1469-1527): War Is Just to Whom It Is Necessary
24. Thomas More (ca. 1478-1535): Warfare in Utopia
25. Martin Luther (1483-1546) and Jean Calvin (1509-1564): Legitimate War in Reformed Christianity
26. The Radical Reformation: Religious Rationales for Violence and Pacifism (16th Century)
27. Francisco de Vitoria: (ca. 1492-1546): Just War in the Age of Discovery
28. Luis de Molina (1535-1600): Distinguishing War from Punishment
29. Francisco Suárez (1548-1617): Justice, Charity, and War
30. Alberico Gentili (1552-1608): The Advantages of Preventive War
31. Johannes Althusius (1557-1638): Defending the Commonwealth
32. Hugo Grotius (1583-1645): The Theory of Just War Systematized
Part IV: Modern
33. Thomas Hobbes (1588-1679): Solving the Problem of Civil War
34. Baruch Spinoza (1632-1677): The Virtue of Peace
35. Samuel von Pufendorf (1632-1694): War in an Emerging System of States
36. John Locke (1632-1704): The Rights of Man and the Limits of Just Warfare
37. Christian von Wolff (1679-1754): Bilateral Rights of War
38. Montesquieu (1689-1755): National Self-Preservation and the Balance of Power
39. Jean-Jacques Rousseau (1712-1778): Supranational Government and Peace
40. Emer de Vattel (1714-1767): War in Due Form
41. Immanuel Kant: (1724-1804): Cosmopolitan Rights, Human Progress, and Perpetual Peace
42. G.W.F. Hegel (1770-1831): War and the Spirit of the Nation-State
43. Carl von Clausewitz (1780-1831): Ethics and Military Strategy
44. Daniel Webster (1782-1852): The Caroline Incident (1837)
45. Francis Lieber (1800-1872): Devising a Military Code of Conduct
46. John Stuart Mill (1806-1873): Foreign Intervention and National Autonomy
47. Karl Marx (1818-1883) & Friedrich Engels (1820-1895): War as an Instrument of Emancipation
Part V: 20th Century.
48. Woodrow Wilson (1856-1924): The Dream of a League of Nations
49. Bertrand Russell (1872-1970): Pacifism and Modern War
50. Hans Kelsen (1881-1973): Bellum Iustum in International Law
51. Paul Ramsey (1913-1988): Nuclear Weapons and Legitimate Defense
52. G.E.M. Anscombe (1919-2001): The Moral Recklessness of Pacifism
53. John Rawls (1921-2002): The Moral Duties of Statesmen
54. Michael Walzer (b. 1935): Terrorism and Ethics
55. Thomas Nagel (b. 1937): The Logic of Hostility
56. James Turner Johnson (b. 1938): Contemporary Just War
57. National Conference of Catholic Bishops (1983 & 1993): A Presumption against War
58. Kofi Annan (b. 1938): Toward a New Definition of Sovereignty
Index
About the Author :
Gregory M. Reichberg is Senior Researcher at the International Peace Research Institute, Oslo (PRIO) where he heads the Institute's Program on Ethics, Norms, and Identities. He is editor of The Classics of Western Philosophy: A Reader's Guide (with Jorge J. E. Gracia and Bernard N. Schumacher, Blackwell 2003) and he has published numerous articles on the ethics of war and peace.
Henrik Syse is Senior Researcher associated with PRIO and the Ethics Program at the University of Oslo, and Head of Corporate Governance at Norges Bank Investment Management. He is the author of Natural Law, Religion, and Rights (2006).
Endre Begby is Fulbright Fellow in the Department of Philosophy at the University of Pittsburgh.
Review :
"This is a superb, comprehensive collection of the basic texts that make up the just war tradition. Some have been very difficult to get hold of and others have been translated for the first time. It will be an indispensable resource for all departments of international affairs, ethics, war studies, peace studies and many history departments." (Times Higher Education, 25 May 2007)
"As a collection of key readings, each prefaced by editorial comment, it can scarcely be bettered." (The Times)
"An invaluable resource for many readers for years to come...anyone interested in the history of western thought on the subject of war will find [the volume] fascinating." (Peace News)
