Stay ahead of the curve in the rapidly evolving world of portable electronics with this expert guide, which offers a deep dive into the advanced semiconductor materials and low-power design techniques essential for fabricating the next generation of high-performance micro and nano devices.
In the era of smart portable and flexible electronic devices, technology needs to continuously evolve for improved performance. Advanced techniques, efficient computing algorithms, and models help develop efficient solutions at a low cost using low power for these devices. This book provides a detailed discussion of the design techniques, advanced semiconductor materials, fabrication techniques, and applications of efficient micro and nano devices. Expert insights will guide a deep-dive into modern design techniques using the latest tools, software, and simulators in a virtual environment. This guide’s forward-looking approach makes it an essential resource for exploring the challenges and future of sensor design.
Table of Contents:
Preface xv
1 Design of Advanced MOSFET Architectures 1
Remya Jayachandran and Salila Hegde
1.1 Introduction 2
1.2 History of Transistors 3
1.3 SOI MOSFET: From Single Gate to Multigate 6
1.4 Current Non-Planar Device Architectures 9
1.5 Applications of Non-Planar Transistors in Analog and Digital Circuits 20
1.6 Conclusion 23
2 Multi Gate MOSFET Architectures 31
Vrinda Gupta, L.G. Naveen Kumar and K.N.S. Santosh
2.1 Introduction 32
2.2 About Multi-Gate MOSFETs 35
2.3 Types of Multi-Gate MOSFETs 36
2.4 Advantages of Multi-Gate MOSFETs 47
2.5 Conclusion 48
3 Design and Comparative Analysis of Hybrid DG-MOSFET with Conventional CMOS Using Visual TCAD 51
Kushagra, Suman Lata Tripathi and Balwinder Raj
3.1 Introduction 52
3.2 Design Methodology 53
3.3 Device Architecture and Materials Description 54
3.4 Results and Discussion 54
3.5 CMOS Compatibility of Proposed n- & p- Channel DG-MOSFET 61
3.6 Hybrid DG-MOSFET 63
3.7 Applications & Future Scope 67
3.8 Conclusion 68
4 Nano Devices for Comparator Designs 73
Niranjana C., Vineeth Kumar P. K., Jijesh J. J. and Lakshmi Manasa B.
4.1 Introduction 73
4.2 Experimental Methods and Materials 74
4.3 Graphene 77
4.5 Results and Discussion 81
4.6 Conclusion 88
5 Nano Device for SRAM Memory Arrays 91
Akey Sungheetha, Rajesh Sharma R. and Sheila Mahapatra
5.1 Introduction 91
5.2 Study 93
5.3 Methodology 95
5.4 Result and Discussion 99
5.5 Conclusion 106
6 Technology Computer-Aided Design (TCAD) for Simulation of Advanced Transistor Design 109
P. Sivakumar, Shashi Kant Dargar and P. Harikrishnan
6.1 Introduction 110
6.2 Essentials of Device Simulation 111
6.3 Design and Simulation of MOSFET: STEP-BY-STEP 112
6.4 Advanced MOSFET Structure Design 114
6.5 Conclusion and Future Scope 122
7 FETs for Biomedical Applications: Recent Developments and Prospects for the Future 125
Anbuselvi D., S. GraceInfantiya and D. Bharath
7.1 Introduction 126
7.2 Applications of FET 128
7.3 Prospects and Difficulties for Bio-FET 133
7.4 Conclusion 134
8 Efferent Circuit Design and Energy Consumption of Grayto-Binary (G2B) and Binary-to-Gray (B2G) Code Conversion Using QCA Nanoelectronic Technologies 143
Mukesh Patidar, Ankit Jain, Shreyaskumar Patel, Keshav Patidar and Hemanshi Chugh
8.1 Introduction 144
8.2 Literature Work 145
8.3 Synchronization Clocking Operation for Proposed Design 148
8.4 Proposed Design for Nanoelectronic Circuits 148
8.5 Result Analysis and Comparison 150
8.6 Conclusion 156
9 Asymmetrical Double Gate Junction Less FET 159
Lijin Wilson and Suman Lata Tripathi
9.1 Introduction 160
9.2 Simulated Device Dimensions and Material 161
9.3 Simulated Device Architecture Description 163
9.4 Result and Simulations 167
9.5 Subthreshold Performance 173
9.6 Comparison with Another Technology Node 174
9.7 Applications of Asymmetric Gate DG MOSFET 176
9.8 Conclusion 176
10 Smart Materials for Semiconductor Devices: Research, Characteristics and Applications 179
Krishan Arora
10.1 Introduction 179
10.2 Shrewd Materials 180
10.3 Types of Smart or Keen Materials 181
10.4 Application of Savvy Materials 187
10.5 Shrewdly Material 188
10.6 Conclusions 189
11 Nanotechnology for Energy Applications: Harnessing Nano and Artificial Intelligence for Sustainable Energy 195
Harpreet Kaur Channi, Ramandeep Sandhu, Deepika Ghai and Nimisha Singh
11.1 Introduction 196
11.2 Need of the Work 201
11.3 Hybrid Renewable System: Case Study of Rural Region 204
11.4 Methodology 204
11.5 Results and Discussion 218
11.6 Conclusion 221
12 Implementation and Analysis of Various Full Adder Configuration Using Cadence Virtuoso 229
Spoorthi S.P., Bharathi S.H., Shipra Upadhyay and Chaithanya D.J.
12.1 Introduction 230
12.2 Adders 230
12.3 CMOS Implementation of Adders 234
12.4 Implementation of Full-Adder 28T and 14T 238
12.5 Conclusion 241
13 Process Corner Analysis of 4-Bit Look Up Table (LUT) Using 90nm CMOS Technology 243
Talla. Narayana Swami, Shiridi Sravanthi, Suman Lata Tripathi and Yuli Sun Hariyani
13.1 Introduction 244
13.2 Look-Up Table (LUT) 244
13.3 Basic Blocks Used in Design of LUT at 90nm CMOS 246
13.4 Corner Analysis 252
13.5 Applications 255
13.6 Conclusion 256
14 Designing and Small Signal Analysis of Common Source Amplifier Using GaN Based HEMT 261
Yogesh Kumar Verma
14.1 Introduction 261
14.2 Device Structure 263
14.3 Results and Discussions 265
14.4 Conclusion 269
15 The 5th Generation: Major Implementation, Challenges and Massive MIMO Technology 273
Rashmi Roges, Sandeep Sharma and Praveen Kumar Malik
15.1 Introduction 273
15.2 Major Challenges Faced in 5G Implementation 276
15.3 Classification of 5G Services 280
15.4 Massive MIMO for 5G 281
15.5 Conclusion 286
16 Smart Nanomaterials: Revolutionizing Drug Delivery Strategies 289
Jujhaar Singh Aidhen, Arjun Vitthal Chambarge, Chavan Aniket Navnath, Atharv Mohan Patil, Vedant Dnyandev Arjun, Jupinder Kaur and Rajan Vohra
16.1 Introduction 290
16.2 Disease Specific Drug Delivery 292
16.3 Synthesis of Nanomaterials for Drug Delivery 305
16.4 Location Specific Drug Delivery 310
16.5 Future Scope 320
16.6 Conclusion 320
References 321
About the Editors 325
Index 327
About the Author :
Suman Lata Tripathi, PhD is a Professor at Lovely Professional University with more than 22 years of experience in academics and research. She has published more than 125 research papers in refereed science journals, conference proceedings, and e-books, edited and authored more than 27 books, 14 Indian patents, and four copyrights. Her areas of expertise include microelectronics device modeling and characterization, low-power VLSI circuit design, advanced FET design for IoT, and embedded system design.
Vrinda Gupta, PhD is an Associate Professor in the Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering at the National Institute of Technology Kurukshetra. She has more than 75 publications in international journals, national and international conferences, and book chapters. Her research interests are in the fields of computer communications, network and information security, wireless communications and networking, embedded systems design, and Internet of Things.
Sobhit Saxena, PhD is a Professor in the School of Electronics and Electrical Engineering at Lovely Professional University with more than 14 years of teaching experience. He has published more than 35 research papers in international journals and conferences, two book chapters, and two books, as well as filed three patents. His areas of expertise include nanomaterial synthesis and characterization, and electrochemical analysis.
Shipra Upadhyay, PhD is an Assistant Professor at the Ramaiah Institute of Technology. She has published many papers in peer-reviewed international journals, conferences, and books. Her research interests include, custom analog IC design, field programmable gate array programming, nanoelectronics, and low-power circuit design.
Sudip Ghosh, PhD is an Assistant Professor in the School of VLSI Technology at the Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology. He has more than 60 publications in international journals and conferences. His areas of interest include digital image and video watermarking systems design, logic synthesis and verification of digital circuits, VLSI physical design, and VLSI testing.
