Particulate Gravity Currents: Theory, Experiments, and Environmental Applications(Geophysical Monograph Series)

Exploring the properties, behavior, and dynamics of particulate gravity currents Particulate gravity currents involve the movement of mixtures of particles and fluid under the influence of gravity. Examples in the natural environment include snow avalanches, pyroclastic flows, and seafloor turbidity currents. Understanding how particles move, mix, stratify, and settle has applications such as hazard mitigation and pollution management. Particulate Gravity Currents: Theory, Experiments, and Environmental Applications presents experimental, numerical, and field studies of particulate gravity currents, offering new insights into their properties, behavior, and dynamics. Volume highlights include: Explorations of cohesive and non-cohesive sediment and transport Applications of theoretical understanding to real-world subaerial and subaqueous processes Studies using the latest techniques, including 3D numerical simulation Broader relevance beyond the natural environment to other types of particulate and non-particulate gravity currents

Table of Contents:
List of Contributors vii Preface xi Part I Nature and Behavior of Gravity Currents 1 A Review of Entrainment into Gravity Currents Moving on a Horizontal Surface 3 Andrew W. Woods 2 Particle-laden Gravity Currents: The Lock-release Slumping Regime at the Laboratory Scale 15 Cyril Gadal, Jean Schneider, Cyrille Bonamy, Julien Chauchat, Yvan Dossmann, Sebastien Kiesgen de Richter, Matthieu J. Mercier, Florence Naaim-Bouvet, Marie Rastello, and Laurent Lacaze 3 A Comprehensive Understanding of the Structure and Dynamics of Channelized Turbidity Currents 31 Sivaramkrishnan Balachandar, Jorge Salinas, Santiago L. Zúñiga, and Mariano I. Cantero 4 Sedimentation of a High Alpine Hydropower Reservoir Under Climate Change: What Will Disappear First, the Glacier or the Reservoir? 49 Giovanni De Cesare Part II Behavior of Flows Into Stratified Ambient Fluid 5 Dynamics of Gravity Currents in Stratified Environments 69 Zhiguo He, Samuel Ukpong Okon, Liang Zhao, and Rui Zhu 6 On the Equivalence of Top and Bottom Gravity Currents in a Linearly Stratified Channel: A Review and Extension of Data Processing and Prediction Theory 89 Tanmay Agrawal, Marius Ungarish, and Vamsi Chalamalla Part III Behavior of Flows at Boundaries 7 Gravity Currents Generated by Surface Cooling Over an Inclined Surface 105 Kyoungsik Chang and George Constantinescu 8 Impacts of Rough-permeable Beds on Turbulent Structures of Gravity Currents 123 Dongrui Han, Ying-Tien Lin, Yakun Guo, and Zhiguo He Part IV Behavior of Cohesive Sediment 9 Analysis of Simulation Data for Cohesive Sediment Flocculation Using a Population Balance Model 145 Henri Busch, Alexander Metelkin, Kunpeng Zhao, Jorge A. Penaloza-Giraldo, Eckart Meiburg, Tian-Jian Hsu, and Bernhard Vowinckel 10 The Role of Cohesion in Turbulent Sediment Transport Processes 155 Kunpeng Zhao, Shuaiqi Zhao, Han Huang, Bernhard Vowinckel, Bofeng Bai, and Eckart Meiburg 11 Using Mixed-clay Sediment Gravity Flow Rheology as an Indicator for Flow Velocity and Runout Distance 163 Megan L. Baker, Jaco H. Baas, Jonathan Malarkey, and Ricardo Silva Jacinto Part V Transport of Noncohesive Sediment 12 Rheology of Bedload Transport 187 Pascale Aussillous, Bernhard Vowinckel, Élisabeth Guazzelli, Franco Tapia, and Eckart Meiburg 13 Grain-Size Distribution of Cyclic Steps Formed by Multisurge Turbidity Currents in an Experimental Flume: An Example of Downstream Coarsening 197 Miwa Yokokawa, Ren Nagano, Kazuma Matsunami, and Atsuki Fukuoka Part VI Behavior of Pyroclastic Density Currents 14 Transient Dynamics in Particle-laden Density Currents: Insights into Dilute Pyroclastic Density Current Runout 209 Eric C.P. Breard, Matteo Cerminara, Josef Dufek, and Sean O’Donnell 15 The Detachment of Pyroclastic Density Currents behind Topographic Obstacles: A Large-scale Experimental Study 231 Lucas Corna, Jim Jones, Gert Lube, Ermanno Brosch, and Daniel Uhle 16 Spontaneous Unsteadiness and Sorting in Pyroclastic Density Currents and Their Deposits 249 Pete Rowley, Rebecca Williams, Matthew Johnson, Thomas Johnston, Natasha Dowey, Daniel Parsons, Alison Provost, Olivier Roche, Gregory Smith, and Nemi Walding Index 267

About the Author :
Benjamin Kneller, University of Aberdeen, United Kingdom Eckart Meiburg, University of California at Santa Barbara, United States of America Bernhard Vowinckel, TUD Dresden University of Technology, Germany Zhiguo He, Zhejiang University, China