Encyclopedia of Dietary Supplements, Second Edition (Print)

Encyclopedia of Dietary Supplements presents peer-reviewed, objective entries that rigorously examine the most significant scientific research on basic chemical, preclinical, and clinical data. Designed for healthcare professionals, researchers, and health-conscious consumers, it presents evidence-based information on the major vitamin and mineral micronutrients, herbs, botanicals, phytochemicals, and other bioactive preparations. Supplements covered include: Vitamins, beta-carotene, niacin, and folate Omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids, isoflavones, and quercetin Calcium, copper, iron, and phosphorus 5-hydroxytryptophan, glutamine, and L-arginine St. John's Wort, ginkgo biloba, green tea, kava, and noni Androstenedione, DHEA, and melatonin Coenzyme Q10 and S-adenosylmethionine Shiitake, maitake, reishi, and cordiceps With nearly 100 entries contributed by renowned subject-specific experts, the book serves as a scientific checkpoint for the many OTC supplements carried in today's nutritional products marketplace. Also Available Online This Taylor & Francis encyclopedia is also available through online subscription, offering a variety of extra benefits for researchers, students, and librarians, including:  Citation tracking and alerts  Active reference linking  Saved searches and marked lists  HTML and PDF format options Contact Taylor and Francis for more information or to inquire about subscription options and print/online combination packages. US: (Tel) 1.888.318.2367; (E-mail) e-reference@taylorandfrancis.com International: (Tel) +44 (0) 20 7017 6062; (E-mail) online.sales@tandf.co.uk

Table of Contents:
S-Adenosylmethionine; José M. Mato and Shelly C. Lu Aloe Vera; Santiago Rodriguez, Steven Dentali, and Devon Powell Androstenedione; Benjamin Z. Leder L-Arginine; Mauro Maccario, Guglielmo Beccuti, Valentina Gasco, Mariangela Seardo, Gianluca Aimaretti, Emanuela Arvat, Fabio Lanfranco, and Ezio Ghigo Astragalus; Roy Upton Bilberry; Marilyn Barrett Biotin; Donald M. Mock Bitter Orange; Steffany Haaz, K. Y. Williams, Kevin R. Fontaine, and David B. Allison Black Cohosh; Daniel S. Fabricant, Elizabeth C. Krause, and Norman R. Farnsworth Blue-Green Algae (Cyanobacteria); WayneW. Carmichael and Mary Stukenberg with Joseph M. Betz Boron; Curtiss Hunt Caffeine; Harris R. Lieberman, Christina E. Carvey, and Lauren A. Thompson Calcium; Robert P. Heaney Propionyl-L-Carnitine; Charles J. Rebouche ß-Carotene; Elizabeth J. Johnson and Robert M. Russell Carotenoids Overview; Elizabeth J. Johnson and Robert M. Russell Cascara Sagrada; Kapil K. Soni and Gail B. Mahady Chaste Tree; Gail B. Mahady, Joanna L. Michel, and Kapil K. Soni Choline; Steven H. Zeisel Chondroitin Sulfate; Karla L. Miller and Daniel O. Clegg Chromium; Richard A. Anderson andWilliam T. Cefalu Coenzyme Q10; Gustav Dallner and Roland Stocker Conjugated Linoleic Acid; Kristina B. Martinez, Arion J. Kennedy, and Michael K. McIntosh Copper; Leslie M. Klevay Cordyceps; John Holliday, Matt Cleaver, Mojca Tajnik, Joseph M. Cerecedes, and Solomon P. Wasser Cranberry; Marguerite A. Klein Creatine; G. S. Salomons, C. Jakobs, and M. Wyss Dong Quai; Roy Upton Dehydroepiandrosterone; Salvatore Alesci, Irini Manoli, and Marc R. Blackman Rudolf Bauer and Karin Woelkart Elderberry; Madeleine Mumcuoglu, Daniel Safirman, and Mina Ferne Eleuthero; Josef A. Brinckmann Ephedra; Anne L. Thurn with Joseph M. Betz Evening Primrose; Fereidoon Shahidi and Homan Miraliakbari Feverfew; Dennis V. C. Awang Flaxseed; Lilian U. Thompson and Julie K. Mason Folate; Pamela Bagley and Barry Shane French Maritime Pine; Peter J. Rohdewald Garcinia; Frank Greenway Garlic; J. A. Milner Ginger; Tieraona Low Dog Ginkgo; Kristian Strømgaard, Stine B. Vogensen, Joseph Steet, and Koji Nakanishi Ginseng, American; Chong-Zhi Wang and Chun-Su Yuan Ginseng, Asian; Lee Jia and Fabio Soldati Glucosamine; Karla L. Miller and Daniel O. Clegg Glutamine; Steven F. Abcouwer Goldenseal; Dennis J. McKenna and Gregory A. Plotnikoff Grape Seed Extract; Dallas L. Clouatre, Chithan Kandaswami, and Kevin M. Connolly Green Tea Polyphenols; Shengmin Sang, Joshua D. Lambert, Chi-Tang Ho, and Chung S. Yang Hawthorn; Egon Koch, Werner R. Busse,Wiltrud Juretzek, and Vitali Chevts 5-Hydroxytryptophan; Pedro Del Corral, Kathryn S. King, and Karel Pacak Iron; Laura E. Murray-Kolb and John Beard Isoflavones; Mark Messina Isothiocyanates; Elizabeth H. Jeffery and Anna-Sigrid Keck Kava; Michael J. Balick, Katherine Herrera, and Steven M. Musser Lactobacilli and Bifidobacteria; Linda C. Duffy, Stephen Sporn, Patricia Hibberd, Carol Pontzer, Gloria Solano-Aguilar, Susan V. Lynch, and Crystal McDade-Ngutter Licorice; Decio Armanini, Cristina Fiore, Jens Bielenberg, and Eugenio Ragazzi α-Lipoic Acid/Thioctic Acid; Donald B. McCormick Lutein; John Paul SanGiovanni, Emily Y. Chew, and Elizabeth J. Johnson Lycopene; Rachel Kopec, Steven J. Schwartz, and Craig Hadley Maca; Ilias Muhammad, Jianping Zhao, and Ikhlas A. Khan Magnesium; Robert K. Rude Melatonin; Amnon Brzezinski and Richard J. Wurtman Milk Thistle; Elena Ladas, David J. Kroll, and Kara M. Kelly Niacin; Christelle Bourgeois and Joel Moss Noni ; Alison D. Pawlus, Bao-Ning Su, Ye Deng, and A. Douglas Kinghorn Omega-3 Fatty Acids; William S. Harris Omega-6 Fatty Acids; William L. Smith and Bill Lands Pancreatic Enzymes; Naresh Sundaresan, Unwanaobong Nseyo, and Joel Moss Pantothenic Acid; Lawrence Sweetman Pau d’Arco; Memory P. F. Elvin-Lewis and Walter H. Lewis Phosphorus; John J. B. Anderson and Sanford C. Garner Polyphenols Overview; Navindra P. Seeram Proanthocyanidins; Catherine Kwik-Uribe, Rebecca Robbins, and Gary Beecher Pygeum; Franc¸ois G. Brackman and Alan Edgar with Paul M. Coates Quercetin; Jae B. Park Red Clover; Elizabeth C. Krause, Nancy L. Booth, Colleen E. Piersen, and Norman R. Farnsworth Reishi; Solomon P. Wasser Riboflavin; Richard S. Rivlin Saw Palmetto; Edward M. Croom and Michael Chan Selenium; Roger A. Sunde Shiitake; Solomon P. Wasser St. John’s Wort; Jerry M. Cott Taurine; Robin J. Marles, Valerie A. Assinewe, Julia A. Fogg, Milosz Kaczmarek, and Michael C. W. Sek Thiamin; Hamid M. Said Turmeric; Janet L. Funk Valerian; Dennis V. C. Awang Vitamin A; A. Catharine Ross Vitamin B6; James E. Leklem Vitamin B12; Lindsay H. Allen Vitamin C; Sebastian Padayatty, Michael Graham Espey, and Mark Levine Vitamin D; Patsy Brannon, Mary Frances Picciano, and Michelle K. McGuire Vitamin E; Maret G. Traber Vitamin K; J. W. Suttie Yohimbe; Joseph M. Betz Zinc; Carolyn S. Chung and Janet C. King Index