The Undergrounds of the Phantom of the Opera: Sublimation and the Gothic in Leroux's Novel and its Progeny

This is the most comprehensive analytical study ever done of The Phantom of the Opera in its many different versions from the original Gaston Leroux novel to the present day. It proposes answers to the question, 'why do we keep needing this story told and retold in the Western world?' by revealing the history of deep cultural tensions that underlie the novel and each major adaptation. Using extensive historical and textual evidence and drawing on perspectives from several theories of cultural study, this book argues that we need this tale told and reconfigured because it provides us ways to both confront and disguise how we have fashioned our senses of identity in the Western middle class. The Phantom of the Opera - in varying ways over time - turns out like the 'Gothic' tradition it extends, to be deeply connected to Western self-fashioning in the face of conflicted attitudes about class, gender, race, religious beliefs, Freudian psychology, economic and international tensions, and especially the shifting and permeable boundaries between 'high' and 'low' culture. This book should interest all students of the history of Western culture, as well as those especially fascinated by Gothic fiction, opera, musical theatre, and film.

Table of Contents:
PART I: THE NOVEL: LEROUX'S DISTINCTIVE CHOICES AND THEIR WIDER CONTEXTS The Original Fantôme's Mysteries: An Introduction The Psychoanalytic Veneer in the Novel: Le Fantôme's 'Unconscious Depths' and their Social Foundations Leroux's Sublimations of Politics: From Degeneration and the Suppression of Carnival to the Abjection of Mixed 'Otherness' The Ghost of the Counterfeit: Leroux's Fantôme and the Cultural Work of the Gothic PART II: THE MAJOR ADAPTATIONS: NEO-GOTHIC SUBLIMATIONS OF CHANGING CULTURAL FEARS Universal's Silent Film: The Recast Scapegoat, the Quest for the Widest Audience, and the Management of Labor The 1943 Remake: Recombining Film Styles, Struggling with Psychoanalysis, and Sanitizing World War II The Culture of Adolescence: The Lloyd Webber Musical and the Adaptations that Paved the Way, 1962-1986 Different Phantoms for Different Problems: Some Adaptations Since the Musical The Phantom's Lasting Significance: An Assessment of its Cultural Functions Notes Illustrations Works Cited Index

About the Author :
JERROLD E. HOGLE is University Distinguished Professor in the Department of English and the Program in Comparative Cultural and Literary Studies at the University of Arizona. A Guggenheim, Mellon, and Lily Endowment Fellow, he has published widely on Romantic literature, literary and cultural theory, and Gothic fictions of many kinds. His best-known previous book is Shelley's Process from Oxford University Press, and he is currently Past President of the International Gothic Association, as well as a frequent guest editor for the journal Gothic Studies and editor of the forthcoming Cambridge Companion to Gothic Fiction for the Cambridge University Press.

Review :
'The book offers quite a remarkable account of Leroux's Phantom and its various adaptations, an account notable for the skilful combination of textual scholarship, cultural-historical research, subtle critical interpretation and innovative theoretical approach.' - Fred Botting, Keele University 'This book is a well-written, thorough, and engaging assessment that I would recommend as one of particular use to scholars interested in the Gothic novel, adaptation, opera, European history, and psychoanalysis and the novel.' - Joanna Aroutian, Gothic Studies