High Performance Self-Consolidating Cementitious Composites

This book attempts to bring together some of the basic intricacies in the production of the complete range of self-consolidating cementitious composites, with a proper understanding of the contributions of different materials and their combinations, including performance and limitations.

Table of Contents:
1. INTRODUCTION 1.1. The concept 1.2. Historical development 1.3. The definitions 1.4. Formulations and classification of SCCs 1.5. Potential and limitations 1.6. Future prospects References 2. CONSTITUENT MATERIALS 2.1. Constituent materials and availability 2.2. Cements and characteristics 2.3. Simple powder extenders 2.4. Supplementary cementitious materials 2.5. Superplasticizers and other chemical admixtures 2.6. Aggregate characteristics 2.7. Interactions and compatibility References 3. INSIGHTS INTO STANDARDS AND SPECIFICATIONS 3.1. Standardization principles 3.2. Fundamental characterization and classification 3.3. Methods of consistency measurement 3.4. Japanese recommendations 3.5. Euro-EFNARC guidelines 3.6. ACI recommendations 3.7. Other perceptions 3.8. Summary and suggestions References 4. METHODOLOGIES FOR THE PROPORTIONING OF SCC MIXTURES 4.1. Introduction 4.2. Design viewpoints 4.3. Semi-empirical methods 4.4. Compositions based on wetting water requirements of the constituents 4.5. Methods based on aggregate distribution and packing factors 4.6. Methods of limiting the cementitious materials through water content 4.7. Methods of incorporating the cementitious efficiency of pozzolans 4.8. Procedures for incorporating different pozzolans 4.9. Approaches for a specified compressive strength. 4.10. Methods based on rheometer tests 4.11. Methods based on the rheological paste model 4.12. Methods based on the rheological paste model incorporating fibrous materials 4.13. Guidelines based on statistical evaluations 4.14. Need for a relook and proposed methodology References 5. CONCEPTS AND CRITERIA FOR HIGH PERFORMANCE 5.1. Introduction 5.2. Fundamentals concepts of performance 5.3. Environmental parameters 5.4. Practical approach for high-performance design 5.5. Performance evaluation methodologies 5.6. Concept of pozzolanic efficiency and strength relations 5.7. Effects of pozzolanic addition on consistency and compaction 5.8. Packing and optimal granular skeleton 5.9. Proposed methodology and its effectiveness 5.10. Efficacy of the proposed methodology References 6. SCCs BASED ON POWDER EXTENDERS AND LOW-END POZZOLANS 6.1. Introduction 6.2. Concept of powder extenders 6.3. SCCs incorporating fly ash 6.4. SCCs incorporating Limestone powder 6.5. SCCs incorporating GGBS 6.6. SCCs through other inert powder extenders 6.7. Practical limitations on powder fillers References 7. SCCs BASED ON HIGH EFFICIENCY AND NANO POZZOLANS 7.1. Introduction 7.2. High strength and high performance concepts 7.3. SCCs incorporating silica fume and Nano silica 7.4. SCCs incorporating metakaolin 7.5. SCCs incorporating rice husk ash 7.6. Saturation concepts and effects 7.7. SCCs incorporating fibrous constituents References 8. FRESH CONCRETE CHARACTERISTICS OF SCC 8.1. Introduction 8.2. Fundamentals of consistency and compaction 8.3. Rheology and thixotropy of SCCs 8.4. Critical evaluation and comparison of the test methods 8.5. Effects of quality and quantity of cementitious materials 8.6. Wetting water requirements of powder materials 8.7. Effects of granular skeleton characteristics and fibrous materials 8.8. Segregation and bleeding 8.9. Shrinkage and heat of hydration 8.10. Transport, placement and finishing 8.11. Formwork and pressure on formwork 8.12. Setting times and removal of forms 8.13. Curing needs, precautions and best practices 8.14. Effect of accelerated curing, maturity concepts 8.15. Quality assurance and control References 9. MECHANICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF SCC 9.1. Introduction 9.2. Physical properties and microstructural effects 9.3. Compressive strength and strength gain rate 9.4. Near-surface characteristics 9.5. Tensile and shear strengths 9.6. Applicability of conventional concrete relations to SCC 9.7. Modulus of elasticity 9.8. Bond with reinforcement 9.9. Creep and relaxation 9.10. Prestressing and anchorages 9.11. Applicability of NDT References 10. PERFORMANCE AND SERVICE-LIFE OF SCC 10.1. Introduction 10.2. Durability of concrete 10.3. Strength and porosity 10.4. Transport characteristics 10.5. Environmental degradation 10.6. Chemical degradation 10.7. Alkali-aggregate reactivity 10.8. Thermal degradation 10.9. Corrosion characteristics 10.10. Service-life prediction or Residual life evaluation methods References 11. FRONTIERS AND RESEARCH NEEDS 11.1. Introduction 11.2. Applications and prospects 11.3. SCCs in repair and rehabilitation practice 11.4. Re-alkalization of concrete 11.5. Chloride binding and extraction 11.6. Tunnel lining and grouting applications 11.7. Underwater concrete applications and repair 11.8. Applications in marine environment 11.9. Ultrahigh strength grouts and composites 11.10. Reinforced fibrous composites 11.11. Research and developmental requirements 11.12. Concluding remarks References

About the Author :
Prof. Ganesh Babu Kodeboyina, after obtaining his bachelor’s degree in Civil Engineering with Distinction from the Andhra University, joined IIT Madras for his Masters in Structural engineering. He then continued in IIT Madras and obtained his doctoral degree working in the area of behaviour of Partially Prestressed Concrete structural members. He then joined as a Scientist in the Structural Engineering Research Centre and was involved in several projects like Large Diameter Prestressed Concrete Pipes, Ferro cement, Fiber Reinforced Concrete apart from being the principal investigator on the UNDP sponsored project on Polymer Concrete Composites. He was awarded the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation Fellowship during this period to undertake postdoctoral research in Germany. However at the same period he joined IIT Madras as a faculty member of the Department of Ocean Engineering, working in the area of Ocean Structures and Materials in Marine Environment and undertook his AvH Fellowship program. After his return to Germany even while he was engaged in active research on offshore structures, it is special interest to developed singlehandedly the most successful "Structures, Materials, Applications and Rehabilitation Technologies" laboratory of the Department for which he was the head till he retired. Apart from being an active research worker producing over 20 Doctoral theses, and also several other Masters theses on the various topics of Ocean Structures and in particular on Materials in Marine Environment, he was also a consultant to the industry on several different aspects. To mention a few, as a structural engineer he proof checked designs of over 50 prestressed concrete bridges and suggested the repair strategies or another 100 bridges of the National Highway Authority of India, designed and rehabilitated several port and harbour facilities apart from damage assessment and rehabilitation of large number of operating industrial structures. Even so he was better known for his contributions on high performance cementitious composites and was a retainer consultant to nearly all the major cement producers as well as construction chemical manufacturers in the country. In fact he investigated the performance characteristics of almost all the cements that were produced by these industries. Apart from this he was a part of the UN common fund sponsored program, and his laboratory was entrusted with the evaluation of the corrosion performance of galvanized reinforcement both in the laboratory and at the Madras port field site organized by him. These achievements resulted in him being appointed as the Director of the Central Building Research Institute, Roorkee, a prestigious constituent National Laboratory of the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research of the Government of India. It was here that apart from the other research activities as Director he undertook several rehabilitation projects, notably the rehabilitation of the only still existing double shell built by the famous Prof. Kurt Billig, strictly speaking the very first Director of the CSIR-CBRI. These efforts culminated in his being involved in several activities related to the preservation, rehabilitation of many of the centuries-old temples and also other world heritage sites in the country like the Taj Mahal, Konark, and many others, an activity close to his heart or his highest passion. He later returned to IIT Madras to complete his tenure in the Institute and was once again involved in research and consultancy in areas of ternary cements, UHPCs and Polymer composites. He also undertook the study on the residual service life and service life extension measures of the Fast Breeder Test Reactor (FBTR). Incidentally he was responsible for the design and testing the thermal effects on the heavyweight concretes that had to be almost self-consolidating in the enclosed top shield of the Prototype Fast Breeder Reactor (PFBR). He was rated a very good teacher by several batches of students and is also passionate about fine arts, ancient texts on yoga, temple vastu to name a few.