Introduction to Materials Science for Engineers, Global Edition

For a first course in Materials Sciences andEngineering taught in the departments of materials science, mechanical, civiland general engineering.

Introduction to Materials Science for Engineers providesbalanced, current treatment of the full spectrum of engineering materials,covering all the physical properties, applications and relevant propertiesassociated with engineering materials. It explores all of the major categoriesof materials while also offering detailed examinations of a wide range of newmaterials with high-tech applications. 

1. Materials forEngineering 
1.1 TheMaterial World 
1.2Materials Science and Engineering 
1.3 Six MaterialsThat Changed Your World 
STEELBRIDGES—INTRODUCING METALS 
TRANSPARENTOXIDES—INTRODUCING CERAMICS 
SMARTPHONESAND TABLETS—INTRODUCING GLASSES 
NYLONPARACHUTES—INTRODUCING POLYMERS 
KEVLAR®-REINFORCEDTIRES—INTRODUCING COMPOSITES 
SILICONCHIPS—INTRODUCING SEMICONDUCTORS 
1.4Processing and Selecting Materials 
1.5Looking at Materials by Powers of Ten 

PART I: The Fundamentals

2. Atomic Bonding 
2.1Atomic Structure 
2.2 TheIonic Bond 
COORDINATIONNUMBER 
2.3 TheCovalent Bond
2.4 TheMetallic Bond 
2.5 TheSecondary, or van der Waals, Bond 
2.6Materials—The Bonding Classification 
3.Crystalline Structure—Perfection 
3.1 SevenSystems and Fourteen Lattices 
3.2 MetalStructures 
3.3Ceramic Structures 

4. Crystal Defects andNoncrystalline Structure—Imperfection 
4.1 TheSolid Solution—Chemical Imperfection 
4.2 PointDefects—Zero-Dimensional Imperfections 
4.3Linear Defects, or Dislocations—One-Dimensional Imperfections 
4.4Planar Defects—Two-Dimensional Imperfections 
4.5Noncrystalline Solids—Three-Dimensional Imperfections 

5. Diffusion 
5.1Thermally Activated Processes 
5.2Thermal Production of Point Defects 
5.3 PointDefects and Solid-State Diffusion 
5.4Steady-State Diffusion 
5.5Alternate Diffusion Paths 

6. Mechanical Behavior 
6.1Stress Versus Strain 
METALS 
CERAMICSAND GLASSES 
POLYMERS 
6.2Elastic Deformation 
6.3Plastic Deformation 
6.4Hardness 
6.5 Creepand Stress Relaxation 
6.6Viscoelastic Deformation 
INORGANICGLASSES 
ORGANICPOLYMERS 
ELASTOMERS 

7. Thermal Behavior 
7.1 HeatCapacity 
7.2Thermal Expansion 
7.3Thermal Conductivity 
7.4Thermal Shock 

8. Failure Analysis andPrevention 
8.1Impact Energy 
8.2Fracture Toughness 
8.3Fatigue 
8.4 NondestructiveTesting 
8.5Failure Analysis and Prevention 

9. Phase Diagrams—EquilibriumMicrostructural Development 
9.1 ThePhase Rule 
9.2 ThePhase Diagram 
COMPLETESOLID SOLUTION 
EUTECTICDIAGRAM WITH NO SOLID SOLUTION 
EUTECTICDIAGRAM WITH LIMITED SOLID SOLUTION 
EUTECTOIDDIAGRAM 
PERITECTICDIAGRAM 
GENERALBINARY DIAGRAMS 
9.3 TheLever Rule 
9.4Microstructural Development During Slow Cooling 

10. Kinetics—Heat Treatment 
10.1Time—The Third Dimension 
10.2 TheTTT Diagram 
DIFFUSIONALTRANSFORMATIONS 
DIFFUSIONLESS(MARTENSITIC) TRANSFORMATIONS 
HEATTREATMENT OF STEEL 
10.3Hardenability 
10.4Precipitation Hardening 
10.5Annealing 
COLDWORK 
RECOVERY 
RECRYSTALLIZATION 
GRAINGROWTH 
10.6 TheKinetics of Phase Transformations for Nonmetals 

PART II:Materials and Their Applications
11.Structural Materials—Metals, Ceramics, and Glasses 
11.1Metals 
FERROUSALLOYS 
NONFERROUSALLOYS 
11.2Ceramics and Glasses 
CERAMICS—CRYSTALLINEMATERIALS 
GLASSES—NONCRYSTALLINEMATERIALS 
GLASS-CERAMICS 
11.3Processing the Structural Materials 
PROCESSINGOF METALS 
PROCESSINGOF CERAMICS AND GLASSES 

12. Structural Materials—Polymersand Composites 
12.1Polymers 
POLYMERIZATION 
STRUCTURALFEATURES OF POLYMERS 
THERMOPLASTICPOLYMERS 
THERMOSETTINGPOLYMERS 
ADDITIVES 
12.2Composites 
FIBER-REINFORCEDCOMPOSITES 
AGGREGATECOMPOSITES 
PROPERTYAVERAGING 
MECHANICALPROPERTIES OF COMPOSITES 
12.3Processing the Structural Materials 
PROCESSINGOF POLYMERS 
PROCESSINGOF COMPOSITES 

13. Electronic Materials 
13.1Charge Carriers and Conduction 
13.2Energy Levels and Energy Bands 
13.3Conductors 
THERMOCOUPLES 
SUPERCONDUCTORS 
13.4Insulators 
FERROELECTRICS 
PIEZOELECTRICS 
13.5Semiconductors 
INTRINSIC,ELEMENTAL SEMICONDUCTORS 
EXTRINSIC,ELEMENTAL SEMICONDUCTORS 
COMPOUNDSEMICONDUCTORS 
PROCESSINGOF SEMICONDUCTORS 
SEMICONDUCTORDEVICES 
13.6Composites 
13.7Electrical Classification of Materials 

14 Optical and MagneticMaterials 
14.1Optical Materials 
OPTICALPROPERTIES 
OPTICALSYSTEMS AND DEVICES 
14.2Magnetic Materials 
FERROMAGNETISM 
FERRIMAGNETISM 
METALLICMAGNETS 
CERAMICMAGNETS 

15. Materials in EngineeringDesign 
15.1Material Properties—Engineering Design Parameters 
15.2Selection of Structural Materials—Case Studies 
MATERIALSFOR HIP- AND KNEE-JOINT REPLACEMENT 
METALSUBSTITUTION WITH COMPOSITES 
15.3Selection of Electronic, Optical, and Magnetic Materials—Case Studies 
LIGHT-EMITTINGDIODE 
GLASS FORSMART PHONE AND TABLET TOUCH SCREENS 
AMORPHOUSMETAL FOR ELECTRIC-POWER DISTRIBUTION 
15.4Materials and Our Environment 
ENVIRONMENTALDEGRADATION OF MATERIALS 
ENVIRONMENTALASPECTS OF DESIGN 
RECYCLINGAND REUSE 

APPENDIX 1: Physical and ChemicalData for the Elements
APPENDIX2: Atomic and Ionic Radii of the Elements
APPENDIX3: Constants and Conversion Factors and the Periodic Table of Elements
APPENDIX4: Properties of the Structural Materials
APPENDIX5: Properties of the Electronic, Optical, and Magnetic Materials
APPENDIX6: Glossary
Answersto Practice Problems (PP) and Odd-Numbered Problems
Index

James F. Shackelford hasBS and MS degrees in Ceramic Engineering from the University of Washington anda Ph.D. in Materials Science and Engineering from the University of California,Berkeley. Following a postdoctoral fellowship at McMaster University in Canada,he joined the University of California, Davis, where he is currentlyDistinguished Professor Emeritus in the Department of Materials Science andEngineering. For many years, he served as the Associate Dean for UndergraduateStudies in the College of Engineering and later as the Director of theUniversity Honors Program that serves students from a wide spectrum of majors.Dr. Shackelford also served as Associate Director for Education for theNational Science Foundation (NSF)-funded Center for Biophotonics Science and Technology(CBST) and as Faculty Assistant to the Director of the McClellan NuclearResearch Center (MNRC) of UC Davis. He teaches and conducts research in thestructural characterization and processing of materials, focusing on glassesand biomaterials. His current focus in teaching is doing so through onlinetechnologies. A member of the American Ceramic Society and ASM International,he was named a Fellow of the American Ceramic Society in 1992, was named aFellow of ASM International in 2011, and received the Outstanding EducatorAward of the American Ceramic Society in 1996 and the Albert Easton WhiteDistinguished Teacher Award from ASM International in 2019. In 2003, hereceived a Distinguished Teaching Award from the Academic Senate of theUniversity of California, Davis. In 2012, he received the Outstanding TeachingAward of the College of Engineering at UC Davis, and, in 2014, received anOutstanding Service Award from UC Davis Extension. In 2016, ProfessorShackelford received the Inaugural Award for Outstanding Contributions toMaterials Education at the North American Materials Education Symposium (NAMES)held at the University of California, Berkeley. He has published over 150archived papers and books including Introduction to Materials Science forEngineers now in its 9th Edition and which has been translated intoChinese, German, Italian, Japanese, Korean, Portuguese, and Spanish.