U.S., a brief American History program, transforms the learning experience through personalized, adaptive technology helping students better grasp the issues of the past while providing greater insight on student performance. This American History program tells the story of the American people in a highly portable and visually appealing manner helping students better connect with our nation's past and understand our present.
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Table of Contents:
17 RECONSTRUCTING THE UNION 1865–1877
AN AMERICAN STORY:
A Secret Sale at Davis Bend
Presidential Reconstruction
Lincoln’s 10 Percent Plan
Reconstruction under Andrew Johnson
The Failure of Johnson’s Program
Johnson’s Break with Congress
The Fourteenth Amendment
The Election of 1866
Congressional Reconstruction
Post-Emancipation Societies in the Americas
The Land Issue
Impeachment
Reconstruction in the South
Black and White Republicans
Reforms under the New State Governments
Economic Issues and Corruption
Black Aspirations
Experiencing Freedom
The Black Family
The Schoolhouse and the Church
New Working Conditions
Planters and a New Way of Life
The Abandonment of Reconstruction
The Grant Administration
Growing Northern Disillusionment
The Triumph of White Supremacy
HISTORIAN’S TOOLBOX Dressed to Kill
The Disputed Election of 1876
Racism and the Failure of Reconstruction
CHAPTER SUMMARY | ADDITIONAL READING
Source: Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Division [LC-USZ62-46975]
18 THE NEW SOUTH AND THE TRANS-MISSISSIPPI WEST 1870–1890
AN AMERICAN STORY:
“Come West”
The Southern Burden
Tenancy and Sharecropping
Southern Industry
The Sources of Southern Poverty
Life in the New South
Rural Life
The Church
Segregation
Western Frontiers
Western Landscapes
Indian Peoples and the Western Environment
Whites and the Western Environment: Competing Visions
The War for the West
Contact and Conflict
Custer’s Last Stand—and the Indians’
HISTORIAN’S TOOLBOX Picturing Custer’s Defeat, Indian Style
Killing with Kindness
Borderlands
Ethno-Racial Identity in the New West
Boom and Bust in the West
Mining Sets a Pattern
The Transcontinental Railroad
Cattle Kingdom
The Final Frontier
Farming on the Plains
A Plains Existence
The Urban Frontier
The West and the World Economy
Packaging and Exporting the “Wild West”
CHAPTER SUMMARY | ADDITIONAL READING
19 THE NEW INDUSTRIAL ORDER 1870–1900
AN AMERICAN STORY:
Scampering through America
The Development of Industrial Systems
Natural Resources and Industrial Technology
Systematic Invention
Transportation and Communication
Finance Capital
The Corporation
An International Pool of Labor
Railroads: America’s First Big Business
A Managerial Revolution
Competition and Consolidation
The Challenge of Finance
The Growth of Big Business
Strategies of Growth
Carnegie Integrates Steel
Rockefeller and the Great Standard Oil Trust
The Mergers of J. Pierpont Morgan
Corporate Defenders
Corporate Critics
The Costs of Doing Business
The Workers’ World
Industrial Work
Children, Women, and African Americans at Work
The American Dream of Success
The Systems of Labor
Early Unions
HISTORIAN’S TOOLBOX Digital Detecting
The Knights of Labor
The American Federation of Labor
The Limits of Industrial Systems
Management Strikes Back
CHAPTER SUMMARY | ADDITIONAL READING
20 THE RISE OF AN URBAN ORDER 1870–1900
AN AMERICAN STORY:
“The Dogs of Hell”
A New Urban Age
The Urban Explosion
The Great Global Migration
Holding the City Together
Bridges and Skyscrapers
Slum and Tenement
Running and Reforming the City
Boss Rule
Rewards, Accomplishments, and Costs
Nativism, Revivals, and the Social Gospel
The Social Settlement Movement
City Life
The Immigrant in the City
Urban Middle-Class Life
MANY HISTORIES City Scenes
Victorianism and the Pursuit of Virtue
Challenges to Convention
The Decline of “Manliness”
City Culture
Public Education in an Urban Industrial World
Higher Learning and the Rise of the Professional
Higher Education for Women
A Culture of Consumption
Leisure
Arts and Entertainment
CHAPTER SUMMARY | ADDITIONAL READING
21 REALIGNMENT AT HOME AND EMPIRE ABROAD 1877–1900
AN AMERICAN STORY:
“The World United at Chicago”
The Politics of Paralysis
Political Stalemate
The Parties
The Issues
The White House from Hayes to Harrison
Ferment in the States and Cities
The Revolt of the Farmers
The Harvest of Discontent
The Origins of the Farmers’ Alliance
The Alliance Peaks
The Election of 1892
The New Realignment
The Depression of 1893
MANY HISTORIES What Should the Government Do?
The Rumblings of Unrest
The Battle of the Standards
Campaign and Election
The Rise of Jim Crow Politics
The African American Response
McKinley in the White House
Visions of Empire
Imperialism, European and American Style
The Shapers of American Imperialism
Dreams of a Commercial Empire
The Imperial Moment
Mounting Tensions
The Imperial War
Peace and the Debate over Empire
From Colonial War to Colonial Rule
An Open Door in China
CHAPTER SUMMARY | ADDITIONAL READING
22 THE PROGRESSIVE ERA 1890–1920
AN AMERICAN STORY:
Burned Alive in the City
The Roots of Progressive Reform
Progressive Beliefs
The Pragmatic Approach
The Progressive Method
The Search for the Good Society
Poverty in a New Light
Expanding the “Woman’s Sphere”
Social Welfare
Woman Suffrage
Controlling the Masses
Stemming the Immigrant Tide
The Curse of Demon Rum
Prostitution
“For Whites Only”
HISTORIAN’S TOOLBOX Mementos of Murder
The Politics of Municipal and State Reform
The Reformation of the Cities
Progressivism in the States
Progressivism Goes to Washington
TR
A Square Deal
Bad Food and Pristine Wilds
The Troubled Taft
The Election of 1912
Woodrow Wilson and the Politics of Morality
Early Career
The Reforms of the New Freedom
Labor and Social Reform
CHAPTER SUMMARY | ADDITIONAL READING
23 THE UNITED STATES AND THE COLLAPSE OF THE OLD WORLD ORDER 1901–1920
AN AMERICAN STORY:
“A Path between the Seas”
Progressive Diplomacy
Big Stick in the Caribbean
A “Diplomatist of the Highest Rank”
Dollar Diplomacy
Woodrow Wilson and Moral Diplomacy
Missionary Diplomacy
Intervention in Mexico
The Road to War
The Guns of August
Neutral but Not Impartial
The Diplomacy of Neutrality
Peace, Preparedness, and the Election of 1916
Wilson’s Final Peace Offensive
War and Society
The Slaughter of Stalemate
“You’re in the Army Now”
Mobilizing the Economy
War Work
Great Migrations
Propaganda and Civil Liberties
MANY HISTORIES The Limits of Free Speech
Over There
The Influenza Pandemic of 1918–1919
The Lost Peace
The Treaty of Versailles
The Battle for the Treaty
Red Scare
CHAPTER SUMMARY | ADDITIONAL READING
24 THE NEW ERA 1920–1929
AN AMERICAN STORY:
Yesterday Meets Today in the New Era
The Roaring Economy
Technology, Consumer Spending, and the Boom in
Construction
The Automobile
The Future of Energy
The Business of America
Welfare Capitalism
The Consumer Culture
A Mass Society
A “New Woman”
Mass Media
The Cult of Celebrity
“A
in’t We Got Fun?”
The Art of Alienation
A “New Negro”
Defenders of the Faith
Nativism and Immigration Restriction
The “Noble Experiment”
KKK
Fundamentalism versus Darwinism
Republicans Ascendant
The Politics of “Normalcy”
The Policies of Mellon and Hoover
Crises at Home and Abroad
The Election of 1928
The Great Bull Market
The Rampaging Bull
The Great Crash
Causes of the Great Depression
CHAPTER SUMMARY | ADDITIONAL READING
25 THE GREAT DEPRESSION AND THE NEW DEAL 1929–1939
AN AMERICAN STORY:
Letters from the Edge
The Human Impact of the Great Depression
Hard Times
The Golden Age of Radio and Film
HISTORIAN’S TOOLBOX Wonder Woman, Women's Rights, and Birth Control
“Dirty Thirties”: An Ecological Disaster
Mexican Americans and Repatriation
African Americans in the Depression
The Tragedy of Herbert Hoover
The Failure of Relief
The Hoover Depression Program
Stirrings of Discontent
The Bonus Army
The Election of 1932
The Early New Deal (1933–1935)
The Democratic Roosevelts
MANY HISTORIES Two Views of the “Forgotten Man”
Saving the Banks
Relief for the Unemployed
Planning for Industrial Recovery
Planning for Agriculture
A Second New Deal (1935–1936)
Dissent from the Deal
The Second Hundred Days
The Election of 1936
The New Deal and the American People
The New Deal and Western Water
The Limited Reach of the New Deal
Tribal Rights
A New Deal for Women
The Rise of Organized Labor
“Art for the Millions”
The End of the New Deal (1937–1940)
Packing the Courts
The Demise of the Deal
The Legacy of the New Deal
CHAPTER SUMMARY | ADDITIONAL READING
26 AMERICA’S RISE TO GLOBALISM 1927–1945
AN AMERICAN STORY:
Pearl Harbor
The United States in a Troubled World
Pacific Interests
Becoming a Good Neighbor
The Quest for Neutrality
Inching toward War
Hitler’s Invasion
Retreat from Isolationism
Disaster in the Pacific
A Global War
Strategies for War
Gloomy Prospects
A Grand Alliance
The Naval War in the Pacific
Turning Points in Europe and Africa
Those Who Fought
Minorities at War
Women at War
War Production
Mobilizing for War
Science Goes to War
War Work and Prosperity
Organized Labor
Women Workers
Mobility
A Question of Rights
Italians and Asian Americans
MANY HISTORIES “Who Do You Want to Win This War?”—Justifying Internment
Minorities and War Work
Urban Unrest
The New Deal in Retreat
Winning the War and the Peace
The Fall of the Third Reich
Two Roads to Tokyo
Big Three Diplomacy
The Road to Yalta
The Fallen Leader
The Holocaust
A Lasting Peace
Atom Diplomacy
CHAPTER SUMMARY | ADDITIONAL READING
27 COLD WAR AMERICA 1945–1954
AN AMERICAN STORY:
Glad to Be Home?
The Rise of the Cold War
American Suspicions
Communist Expansion
A Policy of Containment
The Truman Doctrine
The Marshall Plan
NATO
The Atomic Shield versus the Iron Curtain
HISTORIAN’S TOOLBOX Duck and Cover
Postwar Prosperity
Hidden Costs of a Consuming Nation
Postwar Adjustments
The New Deal at Bay
The Election of 1948
The Fair Deal
The Cold War at Home
The Shocks of 1949
The Loyalty Crusade
HUAC and Hollywood
The Ambitions of Senator McCarthy
From Cold War to Hot War and Back
Police Action
The Chinese Intervene
Truman versus MacArthur
The Global Implications of the Cold War
The Election of 1952
The Fall of McCarthy
CHAPTER SUMMARY | ADDITIONAL READING
28 THE SUBURBAN ERA 1945–1963
AN AMERICAN STORY:
Dynamic Obsolescence (The Wonderful World of Harley Earl)
The Rise of the Suburbs
A Boom in Babies and in Housing
Suburbs and Cities Transformed
Environmental Blues
The Culture of Suburbia
American Civil Religion
“Homemaking” Women in the Workaday World
The Flickering Gray Screen
The Politics of Calm
The Eisenhower Presidency
The Conglomerate World
Cracks in the Consensus
Critics of Mass Culture
Juvenile Delinquency, Rock and Roll, and Rebellion
Nationalism in an Age of Superpowers
To the Brink?
Brinkmanship in Asia
The Superpowers
Nationalism Unleashed
The Response to Sputnik
MANY HISTORIES The Kitchen Debate
Thaws and Freezes
The Cold War on a New Frontier
The Election of 1960
The Hard-Nosed Idealists of Camelot
The (Somewhat) New Frontier at Home
Kennedy’s Cold War
Cold War Frustrations
Confronting Khrushchev
The Missiles of October
CHAPTER SUMMARY | ADDITIONAL READING
29 CIVIL RIGHTS AND UNCIVIL LIBERTIES 1947–1969
AN AMERICAN STORY:
Two Roads to Integration
The Civil Rights Movement
The Changing South and African Americans
The NAACP and Civil Rights
The Brown Decision
Latino Civil Rights
A New Civil Rights Strategy
Little Rock and the White Backlash
A Movement Becomes a Crusade
Riding to Freedom
Civil Rights at High Tide
The Fire Next Time
Black Power
Violence in the Streets
Lyndon Johnson and the Great Society
The Origins of the Great Society
The Election of 1964
The Great Society
The Reforms of the Warren Court
Youth Movements
Activists on the New Left and Right
MANY HISTORIES Student Voices for a New America
Vatican II and American Catholics
The Rise of the Counterculture
The Rock Revolution
The West Coast Scene
CHAPTER SUMMARY | ADDITIONAL READING
30 THE VIETNAM ERA 1963–1975
AN AMERICAN STORY:
Who Is the Enemy?
The Road to Vietnam
Lyndon Johnson’s War
Rolling Thunder
Social Consequences of the War
The Soldiers’ War
The War at Home
The Unraveling
Tet Offensive
The Shocks of 1968
Revolutionary Clashes Worldwide
Whose Silent Majority?
The Nixon Era
Vietnamization—and Cambodia
Fighting a No-Win War
The Move toward Détente
The New Identity Politics
Latino Activism HISTORIAN’S TOOLBOX A Farmworkers’ Boycott Poster
The Choices of American Indians
Asian Americans
Gay Rights
Feminism
Equal Rights and Abortion
Value Politics: The Consumer and Environmental Movements
Technology and Unbridled Growth
Political Action
The Legacy of Identity and Value Politics
The End of the War
Pragmatic Conservatism
Nixon’s New Federalism
Stagflation
Social Policies and the Court
Triumph and Revenge
Break-In
To the Oval Office
Resignation
CHAPTER SUMMARY | ADDITIONAL READING
31 THE CONSERVATIVE CHALLENGE 1976–1992
AN AMERICAN STORY:
Born Again
The Conservative Rebellion
Moving Religion into Politics
The Catholic Conscience
Tax Revolt
The Media as Battleground
Saturday Night Fever
The Presidency in Transition: Gerald Ford and Jimmy Carter
Trimming Presidential Powers
Energy and the Middle East
Limits across the Globe
Jimmy Carter: Restoring the Faith
The Search for Direction
Energy and the Environment
The Sagging Economy
Foreign Policy: Principled or Pragmatic?
The Mid
dle East: Hope and Hostages
A President Held Hostage
Prime Time with Ronald Reagan
The Great Communicator
The Reagan Agenda
A Halfway Revolution
Winners and Losers in the Labor Market
Standing Tall in a Chaotic World
The Military Buildup
Disaster in the Middle East
Frustrations in Central America
The Iran-Contra Connection
Cover Blown
From Cold War to Glasnost
An End to the Cold War
A Post–Cold War Foreign Policy
HISTORIAN’S TOOLBOX The Berlin Wall
The Gulf War
Domestic Doldrums
The Conservative Court
Disillusionment and Anger
The Election of 1992
CHAPTER SUMMARY | ADDITIONAL READING
32 THE UNITED STATES IN A GLOBAL COMMUNITY 1989–Present
AN AMERICAN STORY:
Of Grocery Chains and Migration Chains
The New Immigration
The New Look of America—Asian Americans
The New Look of America—Latinos
Illegal Immigration
Religious Diversity
The Clinton Presidency
The New World Disorder
Recovery without Reform at Home
The Conservative Revolution Reborn
Women’s Issues
Scandal
The Election of 2000
The United States in a Networked World
The Internet Revolution
American Workers in a Two-Tiered Economy
The Persistence of a Racial Divide
African Americans in a Full-Employment Economy
Global Pressures in a Multicultural America
Terrorism in a Global Age
A Conservative Agenda at Home
Unilateralism in Foreign Affairs
The Roots of Terror
The War on Terror: First Phase
The War in Iraq
A Messy Aftermath
The Second Term
Disasters Domestic and Foreign
Collapse
A Divided Nation
First-Term Reforms
Short, Medium, Long
Environmental Uncertainties
MANY HISTORIES Cold War over Global Warming
Trump
The Global Community
About the Author :
James West Davidson received his B.A. from Haverford College and his Ph.D. from Yale University. A historian who has pursued a full-time writing career, he is the author of numerous books, among them After the Fact: The Art of Historical Detection (with Mark H. Lytle), The Logic of Millennial Thought: Eighteenth Century New England, and Great Heart: The History of a Labrador Adventure (with John Rugge). He is co-editor with Michael Stiff of the Oxford New Narratives in American History, in which his most recent book appears: 'They Say': Ida B. Wells and the Reconstruction of Race.
Brian DeLay (Ph.D., Harvard) is Assistant Professor of History at the University of California, Berkeley. He specializes in colonial and 19th century U.S. and Mexican history. His scholarship has won awards from the Society for Historians of the Early American Republic, the Western History Association, the Council on Latin American History, the American Society for Ethnohistory, the Pacific Coast Branch of the American Historical Association, and the Society for Historians of American Foreign Relations. He is the author of War of a Thousand Deserts: Indian Raids and the U.S.-Mexican War (Yale, 2008), and is currently at work on a book about the international arms trade and the re-creation of the Americas during the long nineteenth century. He can be reached at delay@berkeley.edu and his website is http://history.berkeley.edu/faculty/DeLay/.
Christine Leigh Heyrman is Associate Professor of History at the University of Delaware. She received a Ph.D. in American Studies from Yale University and is the author of Commerce and Culture: The Maritime Communities of Colonial Massachusetts, 1690-1750. Her book exploring the evolution of religious culture in the Southern U.S., entitled Southern Cross: The Beginnings of the Bible Belt, was awarded the Bancroft Prize in 1998.
Mark H. Lytle received his Ph.D. from Yale University and is Professor of History and Environmental Studies. he has served two years as Mary Ball Washington Professor of American History at University College, Dublin, in Ireland. His publications include The Origins of the Iranian-American Alliance, 1941-1953, After the Fact: The Art of Historical Detection (with James West Davidson), America's Uncivil Wars: The Sixties Era from Elvis to the Fall of Richard Nixon, and, most recently, The Gentle Subversive: Rachel Carson, Silent Spring, and the Rise of the Environmental Movement. He is co-editor of a joint issue of the journals of Diplomatic History and Environmental History dedicated to the field of environmental diplomacy.
Michael B. Stoff is Associate Professor of History and Director of the Plan II Honors Program at the University of Texas at Austin. The recipient of a Ph.D. from Yale University, he has been honored many times for his teaching, most recently with election to the Academy of Distinguished Teachers. He is the author of Oil, War, and American Security: The Search for a National Policy on Foreign Oil,1941-1947, co-editor (with Jonathan Fanton and R. Hal Williams) of The Manhattan Project: A Documentary Introduction to the Atomic Age, and series co-editor (with James West Davidson) of the Oxford New Narratives in American History. He is currently working on a narrative on the bombing of Nagasaki.
