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Synthesis and Assembly of a Virus-Based Scaffold for Materials Construction

Synthesis and Assembly of a Virus-Based Scaffold for Materials Construction


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About the Book

For over a century, tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) has been the subject of several important investigations that have led to key discoveries in virology and molecular biology. More recently TMV and other viruses have been used as scaffolds for inorganic and organic composite materials. Viral capsids are particularly attractive nanomaterials scaffolds, as they exhibit precisely defined periodic features at nanometer resolution. Modification of capsid surfaces via genetic engineering and synthetic bioconjugation is expected to lead to well-defined high-density arrays that display a wide range of chemical functionality. The TMV capsid possesses four chemically distinct surfaces and could therefore provide access to bioconjugate materials with unprecedented levels of site-directed functionality. To this end, methodology to selectively address the 5' and 3' faces of the TMV capsid has been developed and is reported below. A 5' cysteine residue, C 123, was installed via site-directed mutagenesis of a native serine residue and efficiently modified with functionalized maleimides and iodoacetamides. Lysine residues K53 and K68 were modified with N-hydroxysuccinimidyl esters to install a range of functionality at the 3' surface of TMV. Recombinant TMV coat protein cysteine residues were modified with fluorescent chromophores and smoothly assembled into stacks of disks or long virus-like rods. Assemblies were characterized using fluorescence spectroscopy, and efficient energy transfer from multiple donor chromophores to a single acceptor chromophore was observed. Optimized assemblies exhibited broad-spectrum light collection with over 90% overall efficiency. Patterning of TMV on materials substrates was also explored. Chemical templates for TMV immobilization were fabricated via patterning of self-assembled monolayers of functionalized alkanethiols on atomically smooth Au (111) substrates. Nanometer-scaled patterns were fabricated via grafting with an atomic force microscope, while micon-scaled patterns were fabricated via microcontact printing. Immobilization of TMVP disks was carried out using the 5' cysteine bioconjugation methodology described in the preceeding chapter. Immobilization of TMVP disks via 3' lysine bioconjugation was also investigated, and intact ketone-bearing TMV capsids were immobilized on aminooxy-terminated monolayers. Recent progress toward virus immobilization and patterning via oligonucleotide hybridization is also described here.


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Product Details
  • ISBN-13: 9781243991515
  • Publisher: Proquest, Umi Dissertation Publishing
  • Publisher Imprint: Proquest, Umi Dissertation Publishing
  • Height: 246 mm
  • Weight: 254 gr
  • ISBN-10: 1243991518
  • Publisher Date: 01 Sep 2011
  • Binding: Paperback
  • Spine Width: 7 mm
  • Width: 189 mm


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