How Does Runoff Begin (and End)?
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Home > Mathematics and Science books > Science: general issues > How Does Runoff Begin (and End)?
How Does Runoff Begin (and End)?

How Does Runoff Begin (and End)?


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About the Book

The question of how surface water channels begin is a long standing problem in hydrology and geomorphology. Because the depth/velocity of surface runoff is the driving force behind erosion and sediment transport, understanding the complex dynamics associated with spatially and temporally variable hydrologic-response is necessary. The objective of this work is to quantitatively characterize the controls on the location and timing of runoff. A heuristic, simulation-based approach is employed to examine the thresholds between different runoff-generation mechanisms. At the heart of this effort is a comprehensive, physically-based hydrologic-response model (InHM) and datasets from four well-characterized catchments (C3, TW, R5, and CB). The C3 and CB catchments are located within steep, forested terrain; the TW and R5 catchments are located in gently sloping rangeland. The datasets are sufficient to parameterize and evaluate four base-case boundary-value problems (BVP). Each base-case BVP provides an acceptable simulation of the observed hydrologic response. The base cases are reduced to basic-case scenarios, which share a common level of BVP complexity and capture the overall hydrologic-response processes of the corresponding base case. The four basic cases provide the corner-stones for alternative hypothetical-reality simulation scenarios designed to address the question of how runoff begins (and ends). The concept-development simulations (event-based and continuous) were conducted in three phases to examine: (i) soil-hydraulic properties, (ii) rainfall characteristics, and (iii) important BVP characteristics identified in the preceding phases. The simulation results facilitate quantitative analysis of both integrated and distributed hydrologic response at high spatial and temporal resolution over a wide range of conditions. The results from 160 unique simulation scenarios illustrate how rainfall intensity/depth, subsurface permeability contrasts, characteristic curve shapes, and topography provide important controls on the hydrologic-response dynamics. The processes by which channelized runoff begins (and ends) are shown, in large part, to be defined by the relative rates of infiltration and the convergence of lateral drainage from the variably-saturated soil layers.


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Product Details
  • ISBN-13: 9781243715852
  • Publisher: Proquest, Umi Dissertation Publishing
  • Publisher Imprint: Proquest, Umi Dissertation Publishing
  • Height: 246 mm
  • Weight: 553 gr
  • ISBN-10: 1243715855
  • Publisher Date: 01 Sep 2011
  • Binding: Paperback
  • Spine Width: 16 mm
  • Width: 189 mm


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