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High Temperature Carbon Dioxide Separation Membrane.

High Temperature Carbon Dioxide Separation Membrane.


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About the Book

High temperature membranes for CO2 separation can potentially lead to more efficient energy conversion systems and more effective means of CO2 capture in power plants. A novel technology has been successfully demonstrated for the separation of carbon dioxide, CO2, in the temperature range of 600-900C. The transport of CO2 is accomplished with a dual-ion transport mechanism between carbonate ions in a molten carbonate phase and oxide ions in an oxide conducting ceramic coupled with a surface reaction converting CO2 to CO32- with O2- from an oxide crystal lattice. The transport of such a system was modeled, and an analytical expression was derived for the flux of CO2 in a bulk diffusion limited system. Dual-phase membranes were fabricated by first creating a porous solid oxide structure using tape casting techniques. The structure was engineered to immobilize the molten carbonate phase in the pore space. Membranes comprised of either 8-mol% yttria stabilized zirconia (YSZ) or 10-mol% gadolinia doped ceria (CGO) and a tertiary mixture of alkali metal carbonates (Li2CO 3, Na2CO3, K2CO3) were able to selectively permeate CO2 at temperatures over 600C. The flux of CO2 across these membranes increased exponentially with temperature, reaching permeabilities of 1.0 x 10-11 mol m -1 s-1 Pa-1 (or permeance of 3.6 x 10 -8 mol m-2 s-1 Pa-1) with YSZ based membranes and 7.0 x 10-12 mol m-1 s-1 Pa-1 (or permeance of 2.3 x 10-8 mol m-2 s-1 Pa-1) with CGO based membranes at 850C. It was also discovered that alumina, Al2O3, a non-oxide conducting ceramic, was unable to selectively permeate CO2, providing support for the role of an oxide conducting phase in the transport mechanism. Finally, the chemical reactivity between YSZ and CGO with various mixtures of alkali metal carbonates was examined with thermogravimetric (TGA) and x-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis in order to understand the chemical reactivity and how it relates to the performance of these materials as composite, CO 2 selective membranes. It was revealed that a lack of reactivity between electrolyte pairs does not preclude these materials from functional separation membranes, yet irreversible chemistry can negatively impact long-term CO 2 permeance.


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Product Details
  • ISBN-13: 9781243553645
  • Publisher: Proquest, Umi Dissertation Publishing
  • Publisher Imprint: Proquest, Umi Dissertation Publishing
  • Height: 246 mm
  • Weight: 336 gr
  • ISBN-10: 1243553642
  • Publisher Date: 01 Sep 2011
  • Binding: Paperback
  • Spine Width: 10 mm
  • Width: 189 mm


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