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Home > Mathematics and Science Textbooks > Biology, life sciences > Natural Selection on the Coding and Non-Coding Genes at the Genome Level.
Natural Selection on the Coding and Non-Coding Genes at the Genome Level.

Natural Selection on the Coding and Non-Coding Genes at the Genome Level.


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About the Book

The nearly neutral theory argued that slightly deleterious mutations can be fixed across the population. If this theory holds true in general, how much of the molecular divergence between closely related species might be contributed by slightly deleterious mutations? What are their consequences? These are the questions I am addressing in my Ph. D thesis. By comparing the evolutionary rates of X chromosome vs. autosomes between human and chimpanzee, I concluded that at least 90% of the synonymous substitutions are deleterious but the fitness effect is very week. By comparing 4,000 orthologous genes across the two subspecies of the domesticated rice, Oryza Sotiva and the wild rice, I estimated that about 25% of the amino acid changes are deleterious but persist in the genoines of domesticated rice. Besides the deleterious effects of genetic novelties generated by point mutations, I am also very interested in the possible detrimental effects posed by other kinds of genetic novelties, e.g., the origin of regulatory novelties. The birth of microRNAs belongs in such a class of questions. By deep-sequencing of microRNAs from three species of Drosophila, I observed a large class of miRNA genes that are evolutionarily young. Among them, only 2.4% eventually become functionally integrated into the genome; the remaining 97.6% might be neutral or deleterious to the fitness of the organism, thus this class of microRNAs are not favored/maintained by natural selection and they degenerate very rapidly. By comparing the divergence and polymorphism of 4 newly emerged miRNA genes that have survived in the genome for more than 50 Myrs, we infer that such miRNAs have undergone a long period of adaptive evolution and accumulated many changes before functional integration.


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Product Details
  • ISBN-13: 9781243490421
  • Publisher: Proquest, Umi Dissertation Publishing
  • Publisher Imprint: Proquest, Umi Dissertation Publishing
  • Height: 246 mm
  • Weight: 345 gr
  • ISBN-10: 124349042X
  • Publisher Date: 01 Sep 2011
  • Binding: Paperback
  • Spine Width: 10 mm
  • Width: 189 mm


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Natural Selection on the Coding and Non-Coding Genes at the Genome Level.
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Natural Selection on the Coding and Non-Coding Genes at the Genome Level.
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