German Manual

This historic book may have numerous typos and missing text. Purchasers can download a free scanned copy of the original book (without typos) from the publisher. Not indexed. Not illustrated. 1864 Excerpt: ...verbs elide the e of the infinitive and add only n, namely a) the verbs feitt (to be) and tljlltt (to do); b) all verbs whose roots have the final syllables el, er, honbeln (to act), jaubern (to hesitate). Note. As in English, so in German, the auxiliary verbs of mood (v. I 11) and a few other verbs, namely ffben (to see), feoren (to hear), Meiben (to remain), b/ei en (to bid), fcelfen (to help), lebren (to teach), lernen (to learn), are followed by the infinitive without gu (to): tdj fe&e itn ge&en (Isee him go). All other verbs require gu before a following infinitive: idj serfud)te ju jpredjen (I attempted to speak). 2. The present participle is formed by adding S to the infinitive, malenb, fchlogenb, tjanbelnb. The verbs fein and tljuit accept here again the e which they throw off in the infini % tive, feienb, tljuenb. Notes, a) In German, the present participle is very little used, except as adjective. Expressions like these: "I am going, you were reading" are rendered by the indicative, as if they read: "I go, you read," b) If the action or condition, expressed by a verb, is to be stated as (abstract) noun, the German language uses the infinitive with the article of the neuter gender: ba- (c)djwimmen ill tine gefunbe 33eroegung (swimming is a healthy exercise.) 3. In the terminations of inflection eft and et, the e may be elided, whenever euphony does not prevent it; bit liebeft (thou lovest), er liebet (he loves) and bit liebft, er liebt. But in the present subjunctive it is preferable to retain it, bit lobeft (thou praisest), thr foflet (you say). Verbs with the final syllable el or ct drop the e of this syllable, when the termination of inflection is t, as idj (jctnble, JQllbre. But when the termination is e.