About the Book
Please note that the content of this book primarily consists of articles available from Wikipedia or other free sources online. Pages: 152. Chapters: Absorptive state, Alvarado score, Astrovirus, Balsalazide, Barostat, Biological therapy for inflammatory bowel disease, Boas' point, Bowel management, Bow and arrow sign, Bristol stool scale, BUN-to-creatinine ratio, Canadian Association of Gastroenterology, Cecal bascule, Child-Pugh score, Cholera outbreaks and pandemics, Chromoendoscopy, CIOMS/RUCAM scale, Coprosterol, Crohn's Disease Activity Index, Desmosis, Discovery and development of proton pump inhibitors, Dolichocolon, Double-balloon enteroscopy, Dukes classification, Endoclip, Endoscopy unit, Enema, Enteroenteric circulation, Esophageal intramural pseudodiverticulosis, Fecal fat test, Fecal impaction, Fecal leakage, Flatulence, FODMAP, Football sign, Foreign body, Gastric inhibitory polypeptide, Given Imaging, Glasgow-Blatchford score, Hampton's line, Helicobacter, Helicobacter pylori, Helicobacter pylori eradication protocols, Hepatology, Human feces, Instruments used in gastroenterology, Internal intussusception, Intrinsic factor, King's College Criteria, Lactagen, Lactulose, Laminarid, Laparoscopic anterior hernia repair, Laxative, Lipoprotein-X, List of allergens, Liver function tests, Management of Crohn's disease, Management of ulcerative colitis, Manning criteria, Mesalazine, Misoprostol, Modified Maddrey's discriminant function, Movicol, Mucosal prolapse, Murphy drip, Narrow band imaging, Neurogastroenterology, Non-lifting sign, Olsalazine, Omegaven, Oral rehydration therapy, Ostomy pouching system, Pancreatic elastase, Paneth cell, Phrygian cap (anatomy), Phytobezoar, Pink lady (medicine), Polyposis registries, Proton-pump inhibitor, Ranson criteria, Rectal discharge, Rigler's sign, Rockall score, Rome process, Rotavirus, Rotavirus enteritis, Rotavirus vaccine, SeHCAT, Self-expandable metallic stent, Sengstaken-Blakemore tube, Sentinel loop, Solitary rectal ulcer syndrome, Steatocrit, Stomachic, Stoma (medicine), String sign, Sulforaphane, Timeline of peptic ulcer disease and Helicobacter pylori, Vitamin U, Wale mark, William Cheselden. Excerpt: Rotavirus is the most common cause of severe diarrhoea among infants and young children. It is a genus of double-stranded RNA virus in the family Reoviridae. By the age of five, nearly every child in the world has been infected with rotavirus at least once. However, with each infection, immunity develops, and subsequent infections are less severe; adults are rarely affected. There are five species of this virus, referred to as A, B, C, D, and E. Rotavirus A, the most common, causes more than 90% of infections in humans. The virus is transmitted by the faecal-oral route. It infects and damages the cells that line the small intestine and causes gastroenteritis (which is often called "stomach flu" despite having no relation to influenza). Although rotavirus was discovered in 1973 and accounts for up to 50% of hospitalisations for severe diarrhoea in infants and children, its importance is still not widely known within the public health community, particularly in developing countries. In addition to its impact on human health, rotavirus also infects animals, and is a pathogen of livestock. Rotavirus is usually an easily managed disease of childhood, but worldwide more than 450,000 children under five years of age still die from rotavirus infection each year, most of whom live in developing countries, and almost two million more become severely ill. In the United States, before initiation of the rotavirus vaccination programme, rotavirus caused about 2.7 million cases of severe gastroenteritis in children, almost 60,000 hospitalizations, and around 37 deaths each year. Public health campaigns to combat rotavirus focus on providing oral rehydration therapy for infected children and vaccination to prevent the disease. The incidence and severity of rotavirus...
