About the Book
Please note that the content of this book primarily consists of articles available from Wikipedia or other free sources online. Pages: 61. Chapters: Arsenic, Quartz, Cinnabar, Antimony, Ruby, Corundum, Hematite, Calcite, Amethyst, Chalcedony, Sapphire, Tourmaline, Dolomite, Millerite, Carnelian, Ilmenite, Bismuth, Bararite, Liddicoatite, Jarosite, Chalcophyllite, Rhodochrosite, Iceland spar, Chrome chalcedony, Dioptase, Plumbogummite, Alunite, Smithsonite, Magnesite, Brucite, Pyrargyrite, Eudialyte, Siderite, Proustite, Willemite, Loveringite, Herbertsmithite, Ankerite, Chabazite, Fettelite, Beudantite, Simpsonite, Phenakite, Shandite, Aphthitalite, Geerite, Merenskyite, Aktashite, Gratonite, Huntite, Alarsite. Excerpt: Arsenic ( ) is a chemical element with the symbol As, atomic number 33 and relative atomic mass 74.92. Arsenic occurs in many minerals, usually in conjunction with sulfur and metals, and also as a pure elemental crystal. It was first documented by Albertus Magnus in 1250. Arsenic is a metalloid. It can exist in various allotropes, although only the grey form has important use in industry. The main use of metallic arsenic is for strengthening alloys of copper and especially lead (for example, in automotive batteries). Arsenic is a common n-type dopant in semiconductor electronic devices, and the optoelectronic compound gallium arsenide is the most common semiconductor in use after doped silicon. A few species of bacteria are able to use arsenic compounds as respiratory metabolites, and are arsenic-tolerant. Arsenic is notoriously poisonous to multicellular life due to the interaction of arsenic ions with protein thiols. Arsenic and its compounds, especially the trioxide, are used in the production of pesticides (treated wood products), herbicides, and insecticides. These applications are declining, however, as many of these compounds are being phased out. Arsenic poisoning from naturally occurring arsenic compounds in drinking water remains a prob...
