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This historic book may have numerous typos and missing text. Purchasers can download a free scanned copy of the original book (without typos) from the publisher. Not indexed. Not illustrated. 1838 Excerpt: ...has generally vill (for vilr) in the second and third persons, sometimes v i l1t u or v i lt, which is the more modern form, in the second, and often v i l d u for v i l j a in the infinitive. These five are irregular in the present, segi, at segja, sagda, segSi, sagt: pegi, --pegja, pagSa, pegSi, pagat; potta, poetti, pott; ( orta, C yrti, ( ort; I yrkta, yrkti, ( yrkt: sotta, sa-tti, sou. When Jy kk i is used impersonally, it generally makes f y k k i (J i k k i ) in the third person singular for fykkir. 175. About a dozen verbs, otherwise irregular, also resemble the third class in the past, but in the present are like the past of the close division, as; 178. The Passive Voice is formed, as in the open division, from the active, by the addition of st, before which r final is dropped; but d, t, which are also dropped, take z instead of s, as Singular gripst, gripst, gripst, --l a? z t, l a; z t, l a: /. t, Plural gripumst, gripizt, gripast;--laturnst, latizt, latast. Neuters as b r e n n do not admit the passive form. 179. A peculiarity of the inflection of the present in the close division is that where the characteristic is a, the second and third persons singular do not take r, but the second receives t, and the third becomes like the first, as ek l e 8, pu l e s t, hann l e s, past las, supine l e s i t;--b l ae s, --b l as s t, --b lies, --bles, --b l a s i t, --r is, --rist, --ris, --reis, --risit--frys, --fry st, --Irys;--fraus, --frosit. This rule probably belongs to the modern dialect only, and not to the ancient tongue, where the ending in these words was doubtless r, which coalesced with s, thus making ss; as ek eys, biieyss (Lo'aglepsa 4), hanney s s; ver aus u m, past j 6 s, sup. a u s i t;--v e x, --v e x not vext Sn. Edda. 114.--vex;--voxum, v
