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Home > Art, Film & Photography > Ground Freezing: Frost Heaving, Frost Line, Thaw Depth
Ground Freezing: Frost Heaving, Frost Line, Thaw Depth

Ground Freezing: Frost Heaving, Frost Line, Thaw Depth


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About the Book

Chapters: Frost Heaving, Frost Line, Thaw Depth. Source: Wikipedia. Pages: 18. Not illustrated. Free updates online. Purchase includes a free trial membership in the publisher's book club where you can select from more than a million books without charge. Excerpt: Frost heaving (or a frost heave) results from ice forming beneath the surface of soil during freezing conditions in the atmosphere. The ice grows in the direction of heat loss (vertically toward the surface) starting at the freezing front or boundary in the soil, it requires a water supply to keep feeding the ice crystal growth, and the growing ice is restrained by overlying soil, which applies a load that limits its vertical growth and promotes the formation of a lens-shaped area of ice within the soil. Yet the force of one or more growing ice lenses is sufficient to lift a layer of soil, as much as 30 cm or more. The soil through which water passes to feed the formation of ice lenses must be sufficiently porous to allow capillary action, yet not so porous as to break capillary continuity. Such soil is referred to as "frost susceptible." The growth of ice lenses continually consumes the rising water at the freezing front. Differential frost heaving can crack pavements and damage building foundations. Needle ice is essentially frost heaving that occurs at the beginning of the freezing season, before the freezing front has penetrated very far into the soil and there is no soil overburden to lift as a frost heave. Ice lens formation resulting in frost heave in cold climates.According to Beskow, Urban Hiame described frost effects in soil in 1694. Taber disproved the hypothesis that frost heaving results from molar volume expansion with freezing of water already present in the soil prior to the onset of subzero temperatures, i.e. with little contribution from migration of water within the soil. Since the molar volume of water expands by about 9% as it changes phase f...More: http: //booksllc.net/?id=148630


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Product Details
  • ISBN-13: 9781158394043
  • Publisher: Books LLC
  • Publisher Imprint: Books LLC
  • Height: 152 mm
  • Sub Title: Frost Heaving, Frost Line, Thaw Depth
  • Width: 229 mm
  • ISBN-10: 1158394047
  • Publisher Date: 15 Sep 2010
  • Binding: Paperback
  • Spine Width: 1 mm
  • Weight: 45 gr


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