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Erbium: Erbium Compounds, Isotopes of Erbium, Erbium(iii) Chloride, Erbium(iii) Oxide, Erbium-143, Erbium-144, Erbium-145, Erbium-146

Erbium: Erbium Compounds, Isotopes of Erbium, Erbium(iii) Chloride, Erbium(iii) Oxide, Erbium-143, Erbium-144, Erbium-145, Erbium-146


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About the Book

Please note that the content of this book primarily consists of articles available from Wikipedia or other free sources online. Pages: 163. Not illustrated. Chapters: Erbium Compounds, Isotopes of Erbium, Erbium(iii) Chloride, Erbium(iii) Oxide, Erbium-143, Erbium-144, Erbium-145, Erbium-146, Erbium-147, Erbium-148, Erbium-149, Erbium-150, Erbium-151, Erbium-152, Erbium-153, Erbium-154, Erbium-155, Erbium-156, Erbium-157, Erbium-158, Erbium-159, Erbium-160, Erbium-161, Erbium-162, Erbium-163, Erbium-164, Erbium-165, Erbium-166, Erbium-167, Erbium-168, Erbium-169, Erbium-170, Erbium-171, Erbium-172, Erbium-173, Erbium-174, Erbium-175, Erbium-176, Erbium-177. Excerpt: Erbium is a chemical element in the lanthanide series, with the symbol Er and atomic number 68. A silvery-white solid metal when artificially isolated, natural erbium is always found in chemical combination with other elements on Earth. As such, it is a rare earth element which is associated with several other rare elements in the mineral gadolinite from Ytterby in Sweden. Erbium's principal uses involve its pink-colored ions, which have optical fluorescent properties particularly useful in certain laser applications. Erbium-doped glasses or crystals can be used as optical amplification media, where erbium ions are optically pumped at around 980 nm or 1480 nm and then radiate light at 1530 nm in stimulated emission. This process results in an unusually mechanically simple laser optical amplifier for fiberoptically transmitted signals. The 1550 nm wavelength is especially important for optical communications because standard single mode optical fibers have minimal loss at this particular wavelength. In addition to optical fiber lasers, a large variety of medical applications (i.e. dermatology, dentistry) utilize erbium ion's 2940 nm emission (see Er: YAG laser), which is highly absorbed in water (absorption coefficient about 12,000/cm). Erbium(III)chloride in sunlight, showing some pink fluorescence of...


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Product Details
  • ISBN-13: 9781158133734
  • Publisher: Books LLC
  • Publisher Imprint: Books LLC
  • Height: 229 mm
  • No of Pages: 164
  • Spine Width: 10 mm
  • Weight: 249 gr
  • ISBN-10: 1158133731
  • Publisher Date: 15 Sep 2010
  • Binding: Paperback
  • Language: English
  • Returnable: N
  • Sub Title: Erbium Compounds, Isotopes of Erbium, Erbium(iii) Chloride, Erbium(iii) Oxide, Erbium-143, Erbium-144, Erbium-145, Erbium-146
  • Width: 152 mm


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Erbium: Erbium Compounds, Isotopes of Erbium, Erbium(iii) Chloride, Erbium(iii) Oxide, Erbium-143, Erbium-144, Erbium-145, Erbium-146
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Erbium: Erbium Compounds, Isotopes of Erbium, Erbium(iii) Chloride, Erbium(iii) Oxide, Erbium-143, Erbium-144, Erbium-145, Erbium-146
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Erbium: Erbium Compounds, Isotopes of Erbium, Erbium(iii) Chloride, Erbium(iii) Oxide, Erbium-143, Erbium-144, Erbium-145, Erbium-146

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