About the Book
Please note that the content of this book primarily consists of articles available from Wikipedia or other free sources online. Pages: 63. Chapters: Casting, Improvisation, Marble sculpture, Tree shaping, Lost-wax casting, Ice sculpture, Marriage stone, Repouss and chasing, Spin casting, Relief, Hobo nickel, Sand art and play, Gigantotomy, Lifecasting, Pointing machine, Resin casting, Plaster cast, Ironwork, Leucippotomy, Linenfold, Sugar sculpture, Texture, Rock balancing, Snow sculpture, Biological art metal, Dorodango, Endomosaic, Shape and form, International Sand Sculpture Festival, Chalkware, Whittling, Polyresin, Wire sculpture, Detonography, Yeseria, Imago clipeata, Non finito, Encarnaci n. Excerpt: Tree shaping is the practice of training living trees and other woody plants into artistic shapes and useful structures. The art is also known as tree training, arborsculpture, Pooktre and several other names. It is a form of living sculpture, sharing a common heritage with other artistic horticultural and agricultural practices, such as bonsai, espalier, and topiary, and employing some similar techniques. A unique and distinguishing feature evident in many (but not all) examples of the work is the purposeful inosculation of living trunks, branches, and roots to form artistic designs or functional structures. Practitioners choose from among various compliant species and an evolving array of design options, techniques, and tools to control and direct living wood, both above and below ground; perhaps bending, pleaching, weaving, twisting, braiding, grafting, framing, molding, controlling light, or pruning to create a project. Tree shaping has been practiced for at least several hundred years, as demonstrated by the living root bridges built and maintained by the Khasi people of India. Early 20th century practitioners and artisans included banker John Krubsack, Axel Erlandson with his famous circus trees, and landscape engineer Arthur Wiechula. Contemporary des...
