About the Book
Please note that the content of this book primarily consists of articles available from Wikipedia or other free sources online. Pages: 83. Chapters: Acrylic retarder, Aerosol paint, Alkyd, Aquapasto, Arfe, Automotive paint, Brick tinting, Brush, Buon fresco, Candelilla wax, Canvas, Casein paint, Cedar oil, Claude glass, Cuprinol, Dammar gum, Dibasic ester, Dipper (painting), Distemper (paint), Drawdown card, Drying oil, Easel, Encaustic painting, Filbert paintbrush, Flax, Fugitive pigment, Gesso, Glossmeter, Gloss (paint), Gouache, Household hardware, Ink brush, Japan black, Kolinsky sable-hair brush, Linseed oil, Liquin, Maulstick, Megilp, Methylethyl ketone oxime, Monocouche renders, New materials in 20th-century art, Nitromors, Painterwork, Painting knife, Paint roller, Paint stripper, Palette (painting), Palette knife, Pastiglia, Pinstriping brush, Poppyseed oil, Powder coating, Rabbit-skin glue, Semi-drying oil, Shaped canvas, Spray painting, Spray paint art, Strainer bar, Stretcher bar, Sugar soap, Tack cloth, Thermochromism, Through colour render, Tightening key, Transfer of panel paintings, Tung oil, Turpentine, Vanishing spray, Varnish, Walnut oil, Whitewash, White spirit. Excerpt: A pigment is a material that changes the color of reflected or transmitted light as the result of wavelength-selective absorption. This physical process differs from fluorescence, phosphorescence, and other forms of luminescence, in which a material emits light. Many materials selectively absorb certain wavelengths of light. Materials that humans have chosen and developed for use as pigments usually have special properties that make them ideal for coloring other materials. A pigment must have a high tinting strength relative to the materials it colors. It must be stable in solid form at ambient temperatures. For industrial applications, as well as in the arts, permanence and stability are desirable properties. Pigments that are not permanent are called fugitive. Fugitive pigments fade over time, or with exposure to light, while some eventually blacken. Pigments are used for coloring paint, ink, plastic, fabric, cosmetics, food and other materials. Most pigments used in manufacturing and the visual arts are dry colorants, usually ground into a fine powder. This powder is added to a vehicle (or binder), a relatively neutral or colorless material that suspends the pigment and gives the paint its adhesion. The worldwide market for inorganic, organic and special pigments had a total volume of around 7.4 million tons in 2006. Asia has the highest rate on a quantity basis followed by Europe and North America. In 2006, a turnover of 17.6 billion US$ (13 billion euro) was reached mostly in Europe, followed by North America and Asia. The global demand on pigments was roughly US$ 20.5 billion in 2009, around 1.5-2% up from the previous year. It is predicted to increase in a stable growth rate in the coming years. The worldwide sales are said to increase up to US$ 24.5 billion in 2015, and reach US$ 27.5 billion in 2018. A distinction is usually made between a pigment, which is insoluble in the vehicle (resulting in a suspension), and a dye, which either is itself a liquid or i
