About the Book
Please note that the content of this book primarily consists of articles available from Wikipedia or other free sources online. Pages: 78. Chapters: Acceleration voltage, Beamline, Beam crossing, Beam dump, Beam emittance, Betatron, Charged particle beam, Chasman Green lattice, Collider, Collimator, Cryomodule, Cyclotron, Cyclotron resonance, Dielectric wall accelerator, Dipole magnet, Electron-cloud effect, Electron cooling, Electron gun, Electron microscope, Electron optics, Electron wake, Electrostatic nuclear accelerator, Energy recovery linac, FFAG accelerator, Free-electron laser, Gyroradius, Hot cathode, Injection kicker magnets, Intrabeam scattering, Ionization cooling, Ion beam, Ion source, Kilpatrick limit, Klystron, Linear particle accelerator, Luminosity, Magnetic lattice (accelerator), Magnetic lens, Microtron, Microwave cavity, Momentum compaction, Multipactor effect, Particle beam cooling, Perveance, Plasma acceleration, Quadrupole magnet, Radiation damping, Radio-frequency quadrupole, Ray transfer matrix analysis, Relativistic particle, RFQ beam cooler, RF antenna ion source, Rigidity (electromagnetism), Sextupole magnet, Shunt impedance, Stochastic cooling, Storage ring, Strong focusing, Superconducting radio frequency, Synchrocyclotron, Synchrotron, Weak focusing. Excerpt: Superconducting radio frequency (SRF) science and technology involves the application of electrical superconductors to radio frequency devices. The ultra-low electrical resistivity of a superconducting material allows an RF resonator to obtain an extremely high quality factor, Q. For example, it is commonplace for a 1.3 GHz niobium SRF resonant cavity at 1.8 Kelvin to obtain a quality factor of Q=5x10. Such a very high Q resonator stores energy with very low loss and narrow bandwidth. These properties can be exploited for a variety of applications, including the construction of high-performance particle accelerator structures. The amount of loss in an SRF resonant cavity is so minute that it is often explained with the following comparison: Galileo Galilei (1564 1642) was one of the first investigators of pendulous motion, a simple form of mechanical resonance. Had Galileo experimented with a 1 Hz resonator with a quality factor Q typical of today's SRF cavities and left it swinging in a sepulchered lab since the early 17th century, that pendulum would still be swinging today with about half of its original amplitude. Photograph of the Cornell storage ring 500 MHz SRF cavity being lifted out of a cryogenic test dewar while still cold.The most common application of superconducting RF is in particle accelerators. Accelerators typically use resonant RF cavities formed from or coated with superconducting materials. Electromagnetic fields are excited in the cavity by coupling in an RF source with an antenna. When the RF frequency fed by the antenna is the same as that of a cavity mode, the resonant fields build to high amplitudes. Charged particles passing through apertures in the cavity are then accelerated by the electric fields and deflected by the magnetic fields. The resonant frequency driven in SRF cavities typically ranges from 200 MHz to 3 GHz, depending on the particle species to be accelerated. The most common fabrication technology for such SRF cavities is to
