Medieval Arab Physicians: Ibn Al-Nafis, Hunayn Ibn Ishaq, Al-Dakhwar, Ali Ibn Ridwan, Rashidun Al-Suri, Ibn Al-Kattani, Masawaih Al-Mardini

Please note that the content of this book primarily consists of articles available from Wikipedia or other free sources online. Pages: 19. Chapters: Abd al-Latif al-Baghdadi (medieval writer), Abu al-Majd ibn Abi al-Hakam, Al-Dakhwar, Al-Harith ibn Kalada, Al-Ka kar, Al-Kindi, Al-Ruhawi, Ali ibn Ridwan, Ibn Abi Ramtha al-Tamimi, Ibn Abi Usaibia, Ibn al-Jazzar, Ibn al-Nafis, Ibn al-Quff, Ibn Al-Thahabi, Ibn Hubal, Ibn Uthal, J bir ibn Hayy n, Masawaih al-Mardini, Nafi ibn al-Harith, Rashidun al-Suri, Rufaida Al-Aslamia, Serapion the Younger. Excerpt: Abu M s J bir ibn Hayy n (al-Barigi / al-Azdi / al-Kufi / al-Tusi / al-Sufi), often known simply as Geber, (Arabic: ) (born c. 721 in Tus, Persia; died c. 815 in Kufa, Iraq) was a prominent polymath: a chemist and alchemist, astronomer and astrologer, engineer, geographer, philosopher, physicist, and pharmacist and physician. Born and educated in Tus, he later traveled to Kufa. J bir is held to have been the first practical alchemist. As early as the tenth century, the identity and exact corpus of works of J bir was in dispute in Islamic circles. His name was Latinized as "Geber" in the Christian West and in 13th century Europe an anonymous writer, usually referred to as Pseudo-Geber, produced alchemical and metallurgical writings under the pen-name Geber. In 988 Ibn al-Nadim compiled the Kitab al-Fihrist which mentions Jabir as a spiritual leader and as a companion to Jafar as-Sadiq (he is not listed among the students of Jafar as-Sadiq but many of the writings of the Jabirian corpus are dedicated to Jafar as-Sadiq). In another reference al-Nadim reports that a group of philosophers claimed Jabir was one of their own members. Another group, reported by al-Nadim, says only The Large Book of Mercy is genuine and that the rest are pseudographical. Their assertions are rejected by al-Nadim. Joining al-Nadim in asserting a real Jabir; Ibn-Wahshiyya ("Jaber ibn Hayyn al-Sufi ...book on poison is a great work..") Rejecting a real Jabir; (the philosopher c.970) Abu Sulayman al-Mantiqi claims the real author is one al-Hasan ibn al-Nakad al-Mawili. 14th century critic of Arabic literature, Jamal al-Din ibn Nubata al-Misri declares all the writings attributed to Jabir doubtful. Jabir was a Natural Philosopher who lived mostly in the 8th century, he was born in Tus, Khorasan, in Iran (Persia), then ruled by the Umayyad Caliphate. Jabir in the classical sources has been entitled differently as al-Azdi al-Barigi or al-Kufi or al-Tusi or al-Sufi. There is a difference of opinio