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Please note that the content of this book primarily consists of articles available from Wikipedia or other free sources online. Pages: 30. Chapters: Alburni, Alpe della Luna, Apennine Mountains, Appenine deciduous montane forest, Aspromonte, Aurunci Mountains, Baita (architecture), Calderone glacier, Castelluccio (Norcia), Cervati, Corno Grande, Foreste Casentinesi, Monte Falterona, Campigna National Park, Futa Pass, Gran Sasso d'Italia, Madonie, Madonie Regional Natural Park, Maiella, Matese, Montevergine, Monte Alfeo, Monte Carmo, Monte Forato, Monte Gelbison, Monte Gorzano, Monte Pisanino, Monte Prado, Monte Sagro, Monte Sillara, Monte Sirente, Monte Tambura, Monte Terminillo, Monti Ausoni, Monti Dauni, Monti della Laga, Monti della Tolfa, Monti Ernici, Monti Lattari, Monti Lepini, Monti Prenestini, Monti Simbruini, Mount Castelvecchio, Mount Fumaiolo, Pania della Croce, Parco Nazionale d'Abruzzo, Lazio e Molise, Pietra di Bismantova, Pratomagno, Sibillini Mountains. Excerpt: The Apennines or Apennine Mountains (; Greek: , Latin: -a singular used in the plural; Italian: ) are a mountain range consisting of parallel smaller chains extending c. 1,200 km (750 mi) along the length of peninsular Italy. In the northwest they join with the Ligurian Alps at Altare. In the southwest they end at Reggio di Calabria, the coastal city at the tip of the peninsula. Since about 2000 the Ministry of the Environment of Italy, following the recommendations of the Apennines Park of Europe Project, has been defining the Apennines System to include the mountains of north Sicily, for a total distance of The system forms an arc enclosing the east side of the Ligurian and Tyrrhenian Seas. The etymology most frequently repeated, because of its semantic appropriateness, is that it derives from the Celtic Penn, "mountain, summit" which could have been assigned during the Celtic domination of north Italy in the 4th century BC or before. The name originally applied to the north Apennines. However, historical linguists have never found a derivation with which they are universally comfortable. Wilhelm Deecke said: is doubtful but some derive it from the Ligurian-Celtish Pen or Ben, which means mountain peak." The mountains lend their name to the Apennine peninsula, which forms the major part of Italy. They are mostly verdant, although one side of the highest peak, Corno Grande is partially covered by Calderone glacier, the only glacier in the Apennines. It has been receding since 1794. The southern mountains are semi-arid. The eastern slopes down to the Adriatic Sea are steep, while the western slopes form foothills on which most of peninsular Italy's cities are located. The mountains tend to be named from the province or provinces in which they are located; for example, the Ligurian Apennines are in Liguria. As the provincial borders have not always been stable, this practice has resulted in some confusion about exactly where the montane borders are. Often but not al