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Book may have numerous typos, missing text, images, or index. Purchasers can download a free scanned copy of the original book (without typos) from the publisher. 1909. Excerpt: ... CHAPTER VII SCIENCE It is evident to every observer that the old enemies, science and religion, are coming to terms. At first they agreed to a delimitation of frontier, and entered into an engagement not to invade each other's domain. That delimitation has not lost its value, but the relations of the high contracting parties have become more friendly. The two confess a mutual need, and neither wishes to remain rigorously marked off from the other. On the one hand, religion is borrowing more and more daily the methods of science. On the other hand, science is interpreting the nature and necessity of religion. It is slowly dawning on the intelligence of our time that the antagonism never was between science and religion, but only between science and dogma. When the Church took the place of the Empire, and constituted herself the mouthpiece of God on the earth, she took over the assumptions and claims of the Emperor. To question her authority, and not to bow down to her decisions, was Imsa majestas, a kind of high treason. She not only claimed a universal knowledge, but reserved the right to torture and kill those who would not accept the knowledge she offered them. It was quite in the spirit of the Catholic Church when Cosmas Indicopleustes declared that it was heresy to maintain the possibility of sailing round the world; not a physical or geographical impossibility, observe, but a heresy, a sin which, according to the mediaeval view, was punishable with death. The most humiliating scene that ever occurred in Italy -- humiliating, not for science, but for the Church -- was when Galileo was compelled by ecclesiastical authority to declare that the earth does not move round the sun, and left the august presence murmuring, "E pur si muove." Science rightly resents this interference with...