Austrian Foreign Policy in Historical Context: (Contemporary Austrian Studies)

In 2005, Austria celebrated the sixtieth anniversary of its liberation from the Nazi regime and the fiftieth anniversary of the State Treaty that ended the occupation and returned full sovereignty to the country. This volume of Contemporary Austrian Studies covers foreign policy in the twentieth century. It offers an up-to-date status report of Austria's foreign policy trajectories and diplomatic options.Eva Nowotny, the current Austrian ambassador to the United States, introduces the volume with an analysis of the art and practice of Austrian diplomacy in historical perspective. Ambassador Wolfgang Petritsch analyzes recent Balkans diplomacy as an EU emissary in the Bosnian and Kosovo crises. Historians Günther Kronenbitter, Alexander Lassner, Günter Bischof, Joanna Granville, and Martin Kofler provide historical case studies of pre-and post-World War I and World War II Austrian diplomacy, Austria's dealings with the Hungarian crisis of 1956, and its mediation between Kennedy and Khrushchev in the early 1960s. Political scientists Romain Kirt, Stefan Mayer, and Gunther Hauser analyze small states' foreign policymaking in a globalizing world, Austrian federal states' separate regional policy initiatives abroad and Austria's role vis-à-vis current European security initiatives. Michael Gehler periodizes post-World War II Austrian foreign policy regimes and provides a valuable summary of both the available archival and printed diplomatic source collections. A "Historiography Roundtable" is dedicated to the Austrian Occupation decade. Günter Bischof reports on the state of occupation historiography; Oliver Rathkolb on the historical memory of the occupation; Michael Gehler on the context of the German question; and Wolfgang Mueller and Norman Naimark on Stalin's Cold War and Soviet policies towards Austria during those years. Review essays and book reviews on art theft, anti-Semitism, the Hungarian crisis of 1956, among other topics, complete the volume.

Table of Contents:
1: Introduction; 3: Austrian Foreign Policy after World War II; 2: Topical Essays; I: Introduction; 4: Diplomats: Symbols of Sovereignty become Managers of Interdependence: The Transformation of the Austrian Diplomatic Service; 5: An Institutional History of the Austrian Foreign Office in the Twentieth Century; 6: Sources on the Diplomacy of the Ballhausplatz; II: Late Habsburg and First Republic Foreign Policy; 7: The Militarization of Austrian Foreign Policy on the Eve of World War I; 8: Austria between Mussolini and Hitler: War by Other Means; III: Second Republic Foreign Policy: Turning Points and Continuities; 9: Between East and West: The Origins of Post-World War II Austrian Diplomacy during the Early Occupation Period; 10: Neutral Encounters of the Paranoid Kind: Austria’s Reactions to the Hungarian Crisis of 1956; Kreisky - Brandt - Khrushchev: The United States and Austrian Mediation during the Berlin Crisis, 1958-1963; 12: From Cooperation to Integration: The Foreign Policy/ies of the Austrian Länder; 13: ESDP and Austria: Security Policy between Engagement and Neutrality; 14: Foreign Policy in the Age of Globalization: Does Globalization Constrain Nation States’ Sovereignty in Conceiving and Maintaining their Foreign Policy?; 15: Recent Balkans Diplomacy from an Austrian Perspective; 3: Non-Topical Essay; 16: The Institutionalization of American Studies at Austrian Universities: The Innsbruck Model; 4: Roundtable 1; 5: The Historiography and Memory of the Austrian Occupation (1945-1955); 17: The Allied Occupation of Austria in Recent International and Austrian Historiography; 18: The “Allied Occuption” and the Collective Memory of Austrians after 1945: “Ending a 17 year-long path of bondage full of thorns” (Leopold Figl, 15 May 1955); 19: Still “Occupied” by Germany 1945-1955? Arguments, Concepts, and Strategies in the Austrian Struggle against a Crucial Dependence; 20: Soviet Plans and Policies for Austria’s Transition to Socialism, 1945-1955; 21: Stalin and the Austrian Question 1; 6: Review Essays; 22: Borders in Recent Austrian Historiography; 23: Provenance Research as History: Reconstructed Collections and National Socialist Art Looting; 24: The Cold War and 1956 in Hungary; 7: Book Reviews; 25: Georg Rigele, Zwischen Monopol und Markt. EVN das Energie- und Infrastrukturunternehmen (Maria Enzersdorf: Selbstverlag der EVN AG, 2004); 26: Rupert Pichler, ed., Innovationsmuster in der österreichischen Wirtschaftsgeschichte. Wirtschaftliche Entwicklung, Unternehmen, Politik und Innovationsverhalten im 19. und 20. Jahrhundert (Innsbruck: Studienverlag, 2003); 27: Matti Bunzl, Symptoms of Modernity: Jews and Queers in Late Twentieth-Century Vienna (Berkeley: Univ. of California Press, 2004); 28: Margareth Lun, NS-Herrschaft in Siidtirol Die Operationszone Alpenvorland 1943-1945 (Innsbrucker Forschungen zur Zeitgeschichte 15) (Innsbruck: Studienyerlag, 2004); 29: James Jay Carafano, Waltzing into the Cold War. The Struggle of Occupied Austria (College Station: Texas A&M University Press, 2002); 30: Heinz P. Wassermann, Verfälschte Geschichte im Unterricht. Nationalsozialismus und Österreich nach 1945 (Vienna: StudienVerlag, 2004); 8: Annual Review; 31: Austria 2004; 32: List of Authors

About the Author :
Anton Pelinka, Gunter Bischof, Michael Gehler