About the Book
This historic book may have numerous typos and missing text. Purchasers can download a free scanned copy of the original book (without typos) from the publisher. Not indexed. Not illustrated. 1883 Excerpt: ...by Mallet, and twenty-six falling without. The variations we may properly study in some detail. Taking first the elements whose atomic weights vary from even multiples of unity by less than a tenth of a unit, we have to consider the following: aluminum, arsenic, barium, bismuth, boron, bromine, cadinitfm, caesium, calcium, carbon, cobalt, columbium, didymium, fluorine, gallium, hydrogen, iridium, iron, lead, lithium, magnesium, manganese, nickel nitrogen, osmium, oxygen, palladium, phosphorus, scandium, selenium, silver, sodium, sulphur, thorium, tin, titanium, tungsten, uranium, yttrium, and zinc. Of these, aluminum, arsenic, barium, bismuth, cadmium, calcium, carbon, cobalt, columbium, fluorine, hydrogen, iridium, iron, lithium, magnesium, manganese, nickel, nitrogen, phosphorus, scandium, sodium, sulphur, tungsten, uranium, yttrium, and zinc have plus variations, while boron, bromine, caesium, didymium, gallium, lead, osmium, palladium, selenium, silver, thorium, tin, and titanium fall slightly under the units to which they approximate. Oxygen, as the standard of comparison, of course shows here no variation, its possible error having been transferred to hydrogen. Of the foregoing elements it will be seen that twenty-six have plus variations from whole numbers, while thirteen are minus. Among the latter, boron, gallium, osmium, palladium, thorium, and titanium have been but roughly determined. Bromine, by Dumas' correction, has its variation diminished. In the cases of lead, caesium, selenium, and tin, the cause of variation, supposing one to exist, remains to be determined. The value for osmium is undoubtedly several units too high, so that its agreement with Prout's law may be considered purely accidental. As for didym'ium, the figure assigned is the m...
