Unique resource combining guidance on professional practice with creating working drawings that clearly communicate a design between builder and client
Revised and updated with new content reflecting the urgent challenges of sustainability and working life, The Professional Practice of Architectural Working Drawings is a complete guide to the skills needed to create a set of drawings that clearly and effectively communicate a design, combining the practice of architecture with the development of working drawings—two concepts which are inherently intertwined.
This Sixth Edition has been extensively edited, tightened, and rearranged, with a fresh approach matching the experience of students moving into their first professional positions.
With new examples and images throughout, The Professional Practice of Architectural Working Drawings contains information on:
- Processes and procedures of developing working drawings, to organize and educate students in this important skill
- Crucial concepts that real-world techniques architects rely on every day, from site, floor, framing, and foundation plans, to building sections and elevations
- Standards, customs, regulations, and symbols, alongside computer-generated drawings, 3D modeling, Building Information Modeling, and other architectural technology
- Sustainable concepts, foundation types, building sections, schedules, and more
The Professional Practice of Architectural Working Drawings is an ideal learning resource for beginner, intermediate, and advanced drafting courses, ranging from high school to community college and into the first and second years of traditional university courses. The text may also be helpful for professionals looking to advance their skill sets.
Table of Contents:
Preface xiii
About The Companion Website xv
Part I Professional Foundations 1
Chapter 1 Professional Foundations 3
Introduction 4
The Physical Office 5
Office Structure 5
Resource Library 7
Design Process Introduction 9
Building Code Requirements 15
Regional Considerations 18
Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) 22
Chapter 2 Standards and Techniques 35
Office Standards 36
Freehand and Hand Drafting 36
The Dimensional Reference System 72
Specifications 73
Building Materials and Methods 75
Building Information Modeling (BIM) 87
Floor Plan 92
Abbreviations 97
Chapter 3 Sustainable Architecture 111
Sustainable Architecture 112
Other Sources of Impact 120
Mold 123
Energy Sources 124
Chapter 4 Preparation Phase for Construction Documents 132
Phases of Architecture 133
Project Programming 135
Guidelines for Construction Documents 136
From SD, DD, to cd 137
Selecting the Primary Structural System 138
Requirements of Consultants 138
Interrelationship of Drawings 140
Project Book 142
Architect/Client Relationship 158
Part II Document Evolution 167
Chapter 5 Site Analysis and Site Documents 169
Introduction 170
Site Analysis Defined 170
Site Analysis Applied 172
Soils and Geology Map 176
Site Plan/Plot Plan 176
Grading Plan 182
Site and Grading Plan 185
Drainage Plan 191
Erosion and Sediment Control Plans 194
The Utility Plan 194
Circulation Plan 194
Landscape, Irrigation, and Drainage Plans 195
Chapter 6 Floor Plan 204
Floor Plans 205
Types of Floor Plans 206
Symbols 217
Other Floor Plan Considerations 224
Drawing a Floor Plan with a Computer 228
Case Studies: Working Drawing Development 237
Chapter 7 Roof Plans 261
Roof Plans 262
Roof Plans Exercises 262
Odd Geometry Roof Design 268
Computer Drawn Roof Plans 271
Drawing a BIM Roof Plan 272
Chapter 8 Building Sections 273
Building Sections 274
Drafting a Building Section 278
Types of Building Sections 279
Sample Design and Detailed Building Sections 285
Materials and Building Sections 290
Chapter 9 Exterior and Interior Elevations 300
Purpose of Exterior Elevations 301
Material Designations 310
Drafting an Exterior Elevation 318
Weatherproofing 320
Drawing an Elevation with and without a Model 322
Case Studies: Working Drawing Development 324
Interior Elevations Purpose 330
Dimensions and Intersections 339
Drafting an Interior Elevation: Examples 340
Computers and Interior Elevations 342
Case Studies for Interior Development 347
Chapter 10 Schedules: Door, Windows, Finish, and Others 353
Schedules 354
Interior Finish Schedules 357
CAD and BIM Generated Schedules 360
Other Schedules 363
Chapter 11 Foundation, Floor, and Roof Framing Systems 369
Foundation 370
Types of Foundations 370
Examples 378
Summary of Typical Conventions for Foundation Plans 384
Exterior and Interior Walls 387
A Steel Structure 388
Case Studies for Development 391
Framing Systems 401
Wood Floor Systems 404
Wood Wall Systems 410
Wood Roof Systems 415
Conventions 422
Chapter 12 Architectural Details and Vertical Links (Stairs/Elevators) 436
Architectural Details 437
Freehand Detail Sketches 437
Detail Development 442
Architectural and Structural Details 443
Stairs and Other Vertical Links 450
Sample Drawings of Details 468
Part III Application of Working Drawings in Practice 473
Chapter 13 Additions/Alterations, Historical Preservation (Restoration), and Tenant Improvements (TI) 475
Architectural Additions and Alterations 476
Historic Preservation (Restoration) 477
Tenant Improvement 480
Sample—Madison-B Building 481
Development of the Keim Building 483
Working Drawing Stages 494
Chapter 14 One-Story Conventional Wood-Framed Structures 506
Program and Site Analisis 507
Schematic Design 507
Design Development 513
Construction Documents 514
Chapter 15 Construction Documents for a Two-Story, Wood-Framed Residence with BIM 526
Program and Site Analysis 527
CD, DD, and CD Development 527
BIM-Drawn Two-Story Wood-Framed Residence 560
Chapter 16 Commercial Buildings 584
Program, Site, and SD 585
DD and CD 585
Margaux—Masonry Building CD 589
Index 607
About the Author :
Nagy R. Bakhoum is a licensed architect and principal of Obelisk Architects in Torrance, California, and a Professor of Architecture in the Los Angeles Community College system. Nagy has worked on high-end residential and commercial projects around the world.
Osamu A. Wakita, HON. AIA, (deceased) was a retired professor of architecture and former department chair at Los Angeles Harbor College.
