Signal Processing for 5G: Algorithms and Implementations(IEEE Press)

A comprehensive and invaluable guide to 5G technology, implementation and practice in one single volume. For all things 5G, this book is a must-read.  Signal processing techniques have played the most important role in wireless communications since the second generation of cellular systems. It is anticipated that new techniques employed in 5G wireless networks will not only improve peak service rates significantly, but also enhance capacity, coverage, reliability , low-latency, efficiency, flexibility, compatibility and convergence to meet the increasing demands imposed by applications such as big data, cloud service, machine-to-machine (M2M) and mission-critical communications. This book is a comprehensive and detailed guide to all signal processing techniques employed in 5G wireless networks. Uniquely organized into four categories, New Modulation and  Coding,  New Spatial Processing, New Spectrum Opportunities and New System-level  Enabling Technologies, it covers everything from network architecture, physical-layer (down-link and up-link),  protocols and air interface, to cell acquisition, scheduling and rate adaption, access  procedures and relaying to spectrum allocations. All technology aspects and major roadmaps of global 5G standard development and deployments are included in the book.     Key Features: Offers step-by-step guidance on bringing 5G technology into practice, by applying algorithms and design methodology to real-time circuit implementation, taking into account rapidly growing applications that have multi-standards and multi-systems.   Addresses spatial signal processing for 5G, in particular massive multiple-input multiple-output (massive-MIMO), FD-MIMO and 3D-MIMO along with orbital angular momentum multiplexing,  3D beamforming and diversity. Provides detailed algorithms and implementations, and compares all multicarrier modulation and multiple access schemes that offer superior data transmission performance including FBMC, GFDM, F-OFDM, UFMC, SEFDM,  FTN, MUSA, SCMA and NOMA. Demonstrates the translation of  signal processing theories into practical solutions  for new spectrum opportunities in terms of millimeter wave, full-duplex  transmission and license assisted access.             Presents well-designed implementation examples, from individual function block to system level for effective and accurate learning.     Covers signal processing aspects of emerging system and network architectures, including ultra-dense networks (UDN), software-defined networks (SDN), device-to-device (D2D) communications and cloud radio access network (C-RAN).

Table of Contents:
Preface xvii List of Contributors xxv Part I MODULATION, CODING AND WAVEFORM FOR 5G 1 An Introduction to Modulations and Waveforms for 5G Networks 3 Stefano Buzzi, Alessandro Ugolini, Alessio Zappone and Giulio Colavolpe 1.1 Motivation and Background 3 1.2 New Modulation Formats: FBMC, GFDM, BFDM, UFMC and TFP 7 1.3 Waveform Choice 19 1.4 Discussion and Concluding Remarks 20 References 22 2 Faster-than-Nyquist Signaling for 5G Communication 24 John B. Anderson 2.1 Introduction to FTN Signaling 25 2.2 Time FTN: Receivers and Performance 32 2.3 Frequency FTN Signaling 41 2.4 Summary of the Chapter 45 References 46 3 From OFDM to FBMC: Principles and Comparisons 47 Wei Jiang and Thomas Kaiser 3.1 Introduction 47 3.2 The Filter Bank 49 3.3 Polyphase Implementation 53 3.4 OFDM 55 3.5 FBMC 61 3.6 Comparison of FBMC and Filtered OFDM 62 3.7 Conclusion 65 References 66 4 Filter Bank Multicarrier for Massive MIMO 67 Arman Farhang, Nicola Marchetti and Behrouz Farhang-Boroujeny 4.1 System Model and FBMC Formulation in Massive MIMO 69 4.2 Self-equalization Property of FBMC in Massive MIMO 74 4.3 Comparison with OFDM 80 4.4 Blind Equalization and Pilot Decontamination 82 4.5 Conclusion 87 References 88 5 Bandwidth-compressed Multicarrier Communication: SEFDM 90 Izzat Darwazeh, Tongyang Xu and Ryan C Grammenos 5.1 Introduction 91 5.2 SEFDM Fundamentals 93 5.3 Block-SEFDM 97 5.4 Turbo-SEFDM 102 5.5 Practical Considerations and Experimental Demonstration 106 5.6 Summary 112 References 112 6 Non-orthogonal Multi-User Superposition and Shared Access 115 Yifei Yuan 6.1 Introduction 115 6.2 Basic Principles and Features of Non-orthogonal Multi-user Access 116 6.3 Downlink Non-orthogonal Multi-user Transmission 121 6.4 Uplink Non-orthogonal Multi-user Access 129 6.5 Summary and Future Work 140 References 142 7 Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access (NOMA): Concept and Design 143 Anass Benjebbour, Keisuke Saito, Anxin Li, Yoshihisa Kishiyama and Takehiro Nakamura 7.1 Introduction 143 7.2 Concept 145 7.3 Benefits and Motivations 148 7.4 Interface Design 150 7.5 MIMO Support 153 7.6 Performance Evaluations 157 7.7 Conclusion 166 References 167 8 Major 5G Waveform Candidates: Overview and Comparison 169 Hao Lin and Pierre Siohan 8.1 Why We Need New Waveforms 170 8.2 Major Multicarrier Modulation Candidates 171 8.3 High-level Comparison 178 8.4 Conclusion 184 List of acronyms 185 References 186 Part II NEW SPATIAL SIGNAL PROCESSING FOR 5G 9 Massive MIMO for 5G: Theory, Implementation and Prototyping 191 Ove Edfors, Liang Liu, Fredrik Tufvesson, Nikhil Kundargi and Karl Nieman 9.1 Introduction 192 9.2 Massive MIMO Theory 194 9.3 Massive MIMO Channels 199 9.4 Massive MIMO Implementation 204 9.5 Testbed Design 214 9.6 Synchronization 224 9.7 Future Challenges and Conclusion 227 Acknowledgments 228 References 228 10 Millimeter-Wave MIMO Transceivers: Theory, Design and Implementation 231 Akbar M. Sayeed and John H. Brady 10.1 Introduction 232 10.2 Overview of Millimeter-Wave MIMO Transceiver Architectures 235 10.3 Point-to-Point Single-User Systems 237 10.4 Point-to-Multipoint Multiuser Systems 243 10.5 Extensions 249 10.6 Conclusion 250 References 251 11 3D Propagation Channels: Modeling and Measurements 254 Andreas F. Molisch 11.1 Introduction and Motivation 255 11.2 Measurement Techniques 257 11.3 Propagation Effects 260 11.4 Measurement Results 263 11.5 Channel Models 266 11.6 Summary and Open Issues 268 Acknowledgements 269 Disclaimer 269 References 269 12 3D-MIMO with Massive Antennas: Theory, Implementation and Testing 273 Guangyi Liu, Xueying Hou, Fei Wang, Jing Jin and Hui Tong 12.1 Introduction 274 12.2 Application Scenarios of 3D-MIMO with Massive Antennas 276 12.3 Exploiting 3D-MIMO Gain Based on Techniques in Current Standards 277 12.4 Evaluation by System-level Simulations 283 12.5 Field Trials of 3D-MIMO with Massive Antennas 288 12.6 Achieving 3D-MIMO with Massive Antennas from Theory to Practice 292 12.7 Conclusions 294 References 295 13 Orbital Angular Momentum-based Wireless Communications: Designs and Implementations 296 Alan. E. Willner, Yan Yan, Yongxiong Ren, Nisar Ahmed and Guodong Xie 13.1 EM Waves Carrying OAM 297 13.2 Application of OAM to RF Communications 298 13.3 OAM Beam Generation, Multiplexing and Detection 300 13.4 Wireless Communications Using OAM Multiplexing 303 13.5 Summary and Perspective 315 References 316 Part III NEW SPECTRUM OPPORTUNITIES FOR 5G 14 MillimeterWaves for 5G: From Theory To Practice 321 Malik Gul, Eckhard Ohlmer, Ahsan Aziz, Wes McCoy and Yong Rao 14.1 Introduction 321 14.2 Building a mmWave PoC System 322 14.3 Desirable Features of a mmWave Prototyping System 323 14.4 Case Study: a mmWave Cellular PoC 326 14.5 Conclusion 352 References 353 15 *5G Millimeter-wave Communication Channel and Technology Overview 354 Qian (Clara) Li, Hyejung Jung, Pingping Zong and Geng Wu 15.1 Introduction 354 15.2 Millimeter-wave Channel Characteristics 355 15.3 Requirements for a 5G mmWave Channel Model 357 15.4 Millimeter-wave Channel Model for 5G 358 15.5 Signal Processing for mmWave Band 5G RAT 365 15.6 Summary 370 References 371 16 General Principles and Basic Algorithms for Full-duplex Transmission 372 Thomas Kaiser and Nidal Zarifeh 16.1 Introduction 373 16.2 Self-interference: Basic Analyses and Models 374 16.3 SIC Techniques and Algorithms 376 16.4 Hardware Impairments and Implementation Challenges 386 16.5 Looking Toward Full-duplex MIMO Systems 393 16.6 Conclusion and Outlook 396 References 397 17 Design and Implementation of Full-duplex Transceivers 402 Katsuyuki Haneda, Mikko Valkama, Taneli Riihonen, Emilio Antonio-Rodriguez and Dani Korpi 17.1 Research Challenges 405 17.2 Antenna Designs 409 17.3 RF Self-interference Cancellation Methods 411 17.4 Digital Self-interference Cancellation Algorithms 413 17.5 Demonstration 423 17.6 Summary 426 Acknowledgements 426 References 426 Part IV NEW SYSTEM-LEVEL ENABLING TECHNOLOGIES FOR 5G 18 Cloud Radio Access Networks: Uplink Channel Estimation and Downlink Precoding 431 Osvaldo Simeone, Jinkyu Kang, Joonkhyuk Kang and Shlomo Shamai (Shitz) 18.1 Introduction 432 18.2 Technology Background 432 18.3 Uplink: Where to Perform Channel Estimation? 434 18.4 Downlink: Where to Perform Channel Encoding and Precoding? 441 18.5 Concluding Remarks 453 References 454 19 Energy-efficient Resource Allocation in 5G with Application to D2D 456 Alessio Zappone, Francesco Di Stasio, Stefano Buzzi and Eduard Jorswieck 19.1 Introduction 457 19.2 Signal Model 459 19.3 Resource Allocation 461 19.4 Fractional Programming 462 19.5 Algorithms 466 19.6 Sequential Fractional Programming 469 19.7 System Optimization 471 19.8 Numerical Results 476 19.9 Conclusion 480 References 481 20 Ultra Dense Networks: General Introduction and Design Overview 483 Jianchi Zhu, Xiaoming She and Peng Chen 20.1 Introduction 484 20.2 Interference Management 487 20.3 Mobility Management 495 20.4 Architecture and Backhaul 499 20.5 Other Issues in UDNs for 5G 503 20.6 Conclusions 505 Acknowledgements 506 References 506 21 Radio-resource Management and Optimization in 5G Networks 509 Antonis Gotsis, Athanasios Panagopoulos, Stelios Stefanatos and Angeliki Alexiou 21.1 Introduction 510 21.2 Background 511 21.3 Optimal Strategies for Single-antenna Coordinated Ultradense Networks 514 21.4 Optimal Strategies for Multi-antenna Coordinated and Cooperative Ultradense Networks 525 21.5 Summary and Future Research Directions 533 Acknowledgments 534 References 534 Part V REFERENCE DESIGN AND 5G STANDARD DEVELOPMENT 22 Full-duplex Radios in 5G: Fundamentals, Design and Prototyping 539 Jaeweon Kim, Min Soo Sim, MinKeun Chung, Dong Ku Kim and Chan-Byoung Chae 22.1 Introduction 540 22.2 Self-interference 541 22.3 Analog Self-interference Cancellation 542 22.4 Digital Self-interference Cancellation 547 22.5 Prototyping Full-duplex Radios 550 22.6 Overall Performance Evaluation 558 22.7 Conclusion 559 References 559 23 5G Standard Development: Technology and Roadmap 561 Juho Lee and Yongjun Kwak 23.1 Introduction 561 23.2 Standards Roadmap from 4G to 5G 562 23.3 Preparation of 5G Cellular Communication Standards 570 23.4 Concluding Remarks 575 References 575 Index 577