Basic Guide to Medical Emergencies in the Dental Practice: (Basic Guide Dentistry Series)

The Basic Guide to Medical Emergencies in the Dental Practice is a must-have book for all dental care professionals and general dentists. Written in a clear and accessible style, this second edition has been fully revised and updated in line with the latest guidelines. Chapters cover such key topics as the ABCDE approach to patient assessment, resuscitation equipment, respiratory and cardiac disorders, paediatric emergencies, and legal and ethical issues. Readers will also find two brand new chapters on the principles of first aid, and drugs for medical emergencies. Follows Resuscitation Council (UK) Guidelines Companion website with self-assessment exercises, serving as revision as well as non-verifiable CPD credit Over 50% new images Student friendly colourful layout with learning outcomes

Table of Contents:
Foreword ix Acknowledgements x About the companion website xi 1 An overview of the management of medical emergencies and resuscitation in the dental practice 1 Introduction 1 Concept of the chain of survival 2 Incidence of medical emergencies in dental practice 3 General dental council guidelines on medical emergencies 4 Resuscitation Council (UK) quality standards 5 ABCDE assessment of the sick patient 6 Medical risk assessment in general dental practice 7 Principles of safer handling during cardiopulmonary resuscitation 8 Procedure for calling 999 for an ambulance 10 Importance of human factors and teamwork 11 Conclusion 13 References 13 2 Resuscitation equipment in the dental practice 15 Introduction 15 Recommended minimum resuscitation equipment in the dental practice 16 Checking resuscitation equipment and drugs 20 Checking resuscitation equipment following use 22 Care, handling and storage of oxygen cylinders 23 Conclusion 25 References 25 3 ABCDE: Recognition and treatment of the acutely ill patient 26 Introduction 26 Clinical signs of acute illness and deterioration 27 The ABCDE approach 27 General principles of the ABCDE approach 28 The ABCDE approach to the sick patient 28 Principles of pulse oximetry 34 Procedure for administering oxygen to the acutely ill patient 38 Procedure for recording blood pressure 41 Medical emergencies in the dental practice poster 44 Conclusion 46 References 46 4 Respiratory disorders 48 Introduction 48 Management of acute asthma attack 49 Management of hyperventilation 55 Management of exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 56 Procedure for using an inhaler 57 Procedure for using a spacer device 61 Conclusion 64 References 64 5 Cardiovascular disorders 66 Introduction 66 Management of angina 67 Management of myocardial infarction 69 Management of palpitations 73 Management of syncope 74 Conclusion 76 References 77 6 Endocrine disorders 78 Introduction 78 Management of hypoglycaemia 78 Procedure for blood glucose measurement using a glucometer 83 Management of adrenal insufficiency 85 Conclusion 86 References 86 7 Neurological disorders 88 Introduction 88 Management of a generalised tonic–clonic seizure 88 Management of stroke 93 Management of altered level of consciousness 96 Procedure for placing a patient in the recovery position 97 Spinal injury 101 Conclusion 102 References 102 8 Anaphylaxis 104 Introduction 104 Definition 105 Incidence 105 Pathophysiology 105 Causes 106 Clinical features and diagnosis 107 Treatment 109 Risk assessment 113 Conclusion 114 References 115 9 Cardiopulmonary resuscitation in the dental practice 117 Introduction 117 Resuscitation Council (UK) automated external defi brillation algorithm 118 Procedure for cardiopulmonary resuscitation in the dental chair 118 Procedure for performing chest compressions 126 Conclusion 129 References 130 10 Airway management and ventilation 131 Introduction 131 Causes of airway obstruction 132 Recognition of airway obstruction 132 Simple techniques to open and clear the airway 133 Use of oropharyngeal airway 135 Principles of ventilation 138 Treatment of foreign body airway obstruction 147 Conclusion 150 References 150 11 Automated external defibrillation 152 Introduction 152 Ventricular fi brillation 153 Physiology of defi brillation 153 Factors affecting successful defi brillation 154 Safety issues and defi brillation 155 Procedure for automated external defi brillation 155 Conclusion 158 References 158 12 Paediatric emergencies 160 Introduction 160 ABCDE assessment of a sick child 161 Principles of paediatric resuscitation 162 Placing a child into the recovery position 170 Management of foreign body airway obstruction 170 Conclusion 173 References 173 13 An overview of emergency drugs in the dental practice 175 Introduction 175 Adrenaline 176 Aspirin 179 Glucagon 180 Glyceryl trinitrate spray 181 Midazolam 182 Oral glucose solution/tablets/gel/powder 185 Salbutamol inhaler 185 Conclusion 187 References 187 14 Principles of first aid in the dental practice 189 Introduction 189 Priorities of first aid 190 Responsibilities when providing first aid 190 Assessment of the casualty 190 Wounds and bleeding 195 Minor burns and scalds 200 Poisoning, stings and bites 200 Importance of record keeping 202 Summary 203 References 203 15 Professional, ethical and legal issues 204 Introduction 204 The scope of a dental professional’s accountability 205 The fifth sphere of accountability 217 Legal requirements for consent and acting in a patient’s best interests 218 Duty of confidence owed to patients by dental professionals 226 Conclusion 231 References 232 Index 235

About the Author :
Phil Jevon is Resuscitation Officer/Clinical Skills Lead at Manor Hospital, Walsall. He is a Resuscitation Council (UK) ALS, EPLS, ILS, PILS, NLS Instructor and is an Honorary Clinical Lecturer at the Birmingham School of Medicine