This book focuses on an eminent issue of medieval theories of causality: the relation between primary causes and secondary causes. It is the first book-length study of the origins and long-term reception of primary and secondary causality.
Medieval thinkers, mainly those writing in Arabic and Latin, developed highly original and influential theories of causality. Among these, the theory of primary and secondary causality is particularly important because it concerns a central metaphysical topic: the relation between prior and posterior causes within causal chains. Medieval thinkers inherited this theory from Neoplatonic sources and tried to integrate it into Aristotle’s account of the four causes. This fruitful encounter between Aristotelianism and Neoplatonism resulted in highly ingenious theories in a wide variety of contexts: mediated vs. immediate creation, fate and providence, occasionalism vs. collaboration between primary and secondary causes, the unicity vs. plurality of substantial forms, essential vs. incidental causal chains, and many others. This volume explores how medieval thinkers related these two conceptual traditions with extraordinary theoretical ingenuity.
Primary and Secondary Causality in Medieval Philosophy is an essential resource for scholars and graduate students interested in medieval philosophy, metaphysics, natural philosophy, and medieval theology.
Table of Contents:
List of Contributors
Introduction Dragos Calma, Tobias Hoffmann, and Giuseppe Thomas Vitale
1. Primary and Secondary Causality: Aristotle and Proclus Behind Thomas Aquinas on the Liber de Causis, Proposition 1 Jonathan Greig
2. Primary and Secondary Causality in the Creation of Matter: Three Different Models from the Mid-Thireenth-Century Commentary Tradition on the Physics Silvia Donati
3. The Status of Secondary Causes in Bonaventure’s and Thomas Aquinas’s Commentaries on the Sentences Isabelle Moulin
4. Aquinas on Instruments of Creation Charles Ehret
5. Secondary Causality in Roger Bacon’s Theory of Multiplication of Species Odile Gilon
6. Primary and Secondary Causation and the Act of Sin: Does Privation Theory Save God from Causing Evil? Gloria Frost
7. Aufredo Gonteri Brito on Divine Concurrence with Sinful Volitions Zita V. Toth
8. Aufredo Gonteri Brito: An Unedited Text on Divine Concurrence with Sinful Volitions Zita V. Tóth
9. The Medieval Debate on the Executive Potency Wouter Goris
10. Alexander of Alexandria and Martin of Alnwick: Four Unedited Texts on the Executive Potency Wouter Goris
11. Instrumental, Direct, or Superfluous? Thirteenth and Fourteenth-Century Theories of the Celestial Causality in the Generation of Living Beings Maria Sorokina.
Index.
About the Author :
Dragos Calma is Associate Professor of Medieval Philosophy at University College Dublin, Ireland. His publications include Neoplatonism in the Middle Ages (2 vols, 2016) and Reading Proclus and the Book of Causes (3 vols, 2019-2022).
Tobias Hoffmann is Professor of Medieval Philosophy at Sorbonne Université, France. He is the author of Free Will and the Rebel Angels in Medieval Philosophy (2021) and the editor of Weakness of Will from Plato to the Present (2008), A Companion to Angels in Medieval Philosophy (2012), and Aquinas and the Nicomachean Ethics (with Jörn Müller and Matthias Perkams, 2013).
Giuseppe Thomas Vitale is Researcher II in the Classics Department at the Masaryk University, Czech Republic.
