Beyond Social Democracy: The Transformation of the Left in Emerging Knowledge Societies

Beyond Social Democracy examines the electoral decline of social democratic parties and how distinctive strategic moves might enable them to salvage different segments of their former electoral coalitions. Social democratic decline, however, does not imply the demise of basic tenets of the parties' programmatic appeals. Under the impact of novel twenty-first-century political-economic challenges, these concerns are also invoked and repackaged with new ideas by novel left parties. Empirically, voter movements show that social democratic parties incur net losses mostly to these other leftist parties, while sustaining a balanced, but voluminous exchange with center-right parties. Contrary to commonly held preconceptions, there is little net loss to the new extreme Right. These findings will be pertinent to anyone interested in understanding or devising party strategies in twenty-first-century democracies. This title is also available as Open Access on Cambridge Core.

Table of Contents:
1. Introduction and theoretical framework Silja Häusermann and Herbert Kitschelt; Part I. Voter Flows and Electoral Potentials: 2. The changing geography of the social democratic vote Jane Gingrich; 3. Losing the middle ground: the electoral decline of social democratic parties since 2000 Tarik Abou-Chadi and Markus Wagner; 4. Who continues to vote for the left? Social class of origin, intergenerational mobility and party choice in Western Europe Macarena Ares and Mathilde M. van Ditmars; 5. Lost in transition: Where are all the social democrats today? Daniel Bischof and Thomas Kurer; 6. Social democracy in competition: voting propensities, electoral potentials and overlaps Silja Häusermann; Part II. Considerations of Choice: Motivations and Preferences: 7. Vote switchers and social democracy in contemporary knowledge capitalism: voter rationales signal strategic dilemmas of social democracy Herbert Kitschelt and Philipp Rehm; 8. Labor unionization and social democratic parties Silja Häusermann, Herbert Kitschelt, Nadja Mosimann and Philipp Rehm; 9. Old left, new left, centrist or left national? Determinants of support for different social democratic programmatic strategies Tarik Abou-Chadi, Silja Häusermann, Reto Mitteregger, Nadja Mosimann and Markus Wagner; Part III. Determinants of Electoral Outcomes for Social Democratic Parties and the Left: 10. Voter responses to social democratic ideological moderation after the third way Jonathan Polk and Johannes Karreth; 11. Social democracy and party competition: Mapping the electoral payoffs of strategic interaction Herbert Kitschelt and Philipp Rehm; 12 The electoral consequences of centrist policies: fiscal consolidations and the fate of social democratic parties Björn Bremer; 13. Leadership turnovers and their electoral consequences: a social democratic exceptionalism? Zeynep Somer-Topcu and Daniel Weitzel; 14. Conclusions Silja Häusermann and Herbert Kitschelt.

About the Author :
Silja Häusermann is Professor of Political Science in the Department of Political Science at the University of Zurich where she studies welfare state politics and party system change in advanced capitalist democracies. She is the author of The Politics of Welfare State Reform in Continental Europe (2010), co-editor of The Politics of Advanced Capitalism (2015), and co-author of Cleavage Formation in the 21st Century: How Social Identities Shape Voting Behavior in Contexts of Electoral Realignment, all with Cambridge University Press. Herbert Kitschelt is George V. Allen Distinguished Professor of International Relations at Duke University where his investigations cover political party competition and citizen-politician linkages. He is the author of The Transformation of European Social Democracy (1994) and co-editor of The Politics of Advanced Capitalism (2015), both with Cambridge University Press.

Review :
'Beyond Social Democracy will be the reference for anyone studying social democracy and party system change in established democracies in the coming years. The introduction sets the stage with a brilliant theory of the temporalities of the transformation of the left; the different empirical chapters make use of different types of data and estimation strategies to provide evidence of the strategic dilemma that social democratic parties are in; and the result is an edited volume that is exceptionally coherent, theoretically ground-breaking and empirically extremely well conducted.' Ruth Dassonneville, Canada Research Chair in Electoral Democracy, Université de Montréal 'In this richly-documented volume, leading scholars of electoral politics provide a forensic account of declining support for social democratic parties and an incisive analysis of the strategic dilemmas facing those parties today. This book will be an indispensable reference, not only for scholars interested in the fate of social democracy, but for everyone concerned about the state of contemporary electoral politics.' Peter A. Hall, Krupp Foundation Professor of European Studies, Harvard University 'This exceptional collection brings together the most theoretically and empirical advanced research to date on the causes and consequences of the electoral decline of social democratic parties. Yet, it also does more than that. Reaching beyond political science to the real world, Silja Häusermann, Herbert Kitschelt and their team identify the main strategic choices facing parties in the 'left field', and investigate when and how progressive parties can succeed in today's fragmented electoral arena. As a result, this book will not only be essential reading for scholars of parties and elections but will also be a vital handbook for political entrepreneurs and activists in centre left politics across the world.' Simon Hix, Stein Rokkan Chair in Comparative Politics, European University Institute 'Herbert Kitschelt and Silja Häusermann, along with a group of accomplished scholars, focus on the fragmentation of the electorate in knowledge societies and examine social risks and demands not adequately captured by class-based arguments. With chapters including a range of empirical strategies, including vote switching among parties, respondents' ranking of party alternatives, and vignette survey studies, this book sheds light on the most effective strategies for social democratic parties in contemporary knowledge societies. Any course that examines the trajectory and likely fate of social democratic politics in Western Europe should have this as a key text.' Geoffrey Evans, Official Fellow, Nuffield College, Professor of the Sociology of Politics, University of Oxford and Co-Director, British Election Study 'The book offers innovative developments of possible strategies for political parties exposed to significant electoral losses. Under what conditions is it worthwhile to radicalize and sharpen their own platform, or when is a pragmatic opening toward the center more appropriate? To answer this question, the competition in the political field and the general dynamics of party competition (centrifugal vs. centripetal) must be taken into account. One thing, however, seems generalizable: According to these findings, the riskiest strategy is the adoption of culturally conservative to authoritarian positions in order to "win back" voters for right-wing populist parties.' Simon Bein, Zeitschrift für Vergleichende Politikwissenschaft