Carbon Sequestration and Its Role in the Global Carbon Cycle: (Geophysical Monograph Series)

Published by the American Geophysical Union as part of the Geophysical Monograph Series, Volume 183. For carbon sequestration the issues of monitoring, risk assessment, and verification of carbon content and storage efficacy are perhaps the most uncertain. Yet these issues are also the most critical challenges facing the broader context of carbon sequestration as a means for addressing climate change. In response to these challenges, Carbon Sequestration and Its Role in the Global Carbon Cycle presents current perspectives and research that combine five major areas: The global carbon cycle and verification and assessment of global carbon sources and sinks Potential capacity and temporal/spatial scales of terrestrial, oceanic, and geologic carbon storage Assessing risks and benefits associated with terrestrial, oceanic, and geologic carbon storage Predicting, monitoring, and verifying effectiveness of different forms of carbon storage Suggested new CO2 sequestration research and management paradigms for the future. The volume is based on a Chapman Conference and will appeal to the rapidly growing group of scientists and engineers examining methods for deliberate carbon sequestration through storage in plants, soils, the oceans, and geological repositories.

Table of Contents:
Preface Brian McPherson and Eric T. Sundquist vii An Introduction to Global Carbon Cycle Management Eric T. Sundquist, Katherine V. Ackerman, Lauren Parker, and Deborah Huntzinger 1 Section 1: Monitoring the Global Carbon Cycle: A Tribute to David Keeling 25 The Mauna Loa Carbon Dioxide Record: Lessons for Long-Term Earth Observations Eric T. Sundquist and Ralph F. Keeling 27 The Influence of David Keeling on Oceanic CO2 Measurements Peter G. Brewer 37 Next-Generation Terrestrial Carbon Monitoring Steven W. Running, Ramakrishna R. Nemani, John R. G. Townshend, and Dennis D. Baldocchi 49 Section 2: Assessment of Local and Regional Carbon Sources and Sinks 71 Terrestrial Biological Sequestration: Science for Enhancement and Implementation Wilfred M. Post, James E. Amonette, Richard Birdsey, Charles T. Garten Jr., R. Cesar Izaurralde, Philip M. Jardine, Julie Jastrow, Rattan Lal, Gregg Marland, Bruce A. McCarl, Allison M. Thomson, Tristram O. West, Stan D. Wullschleger, and F. Blaine Metting 73 Satellite Data Analysis and Ecosystem Modeling for Carbon Sequestration Assessments in the Western United States Christopher Potter, Matthew Fladeland, Steven Klooster, Vanessa Genovese, Seth Hiatt, and Peggy Gross 89 An Inventory of Carbon Storage in Forest Soil and Down Woody Material of the United States Charles H. Perry, Christopher W. Woodall, Michael C. Amacher, and Katherine P. O'Neill 101 Quantifying the Spatial Details of Carbon Sequestration Potential and Performance Shuguang Liu 117 Soil Inorganic Carbon Sequestration as a Result of Cultivation in the Mollisols Elena Mikhailova, Christopher Post, Larry Cihacek, and Michael Ulmer 129 Natural Analogs of Geologic CO2 Sequestration: Some General Implications for Engineered Sequestration Julianna E. Fessenden, Philip H. Stauffer, and Hari S. Viswanathan 135 Hydrogeochemical Characterization of Leaking, Carbon Dioxide-Charged Fault Zones in East-Central Utah, With Implications for Geological Carbon Storage Jason E. Heath, Thomas E. Lachmar, James P. Evans, Peter T. Kolesar, and Anthony P. Williams 147 Section 3: Assessing Risks, Benefits, and Impacts of Sequestration 159 Is There an Optimal Timing for Sequestration to Stabilize Future Climate? Vincent Gitz, Philippe Ambrosi, Bertrand Magné, and Philippe Ciais 161 Present and Future Changes in Seawater Chemistry due to Ocean Acidification Richard A. Feely, James Orr, Victoria J. Fabry, Joan A. Kleypas, Christopher L. Sabine, and Christopher Langdon 175 Erosion of Soil Organic Carbon: Implications for Carbon Sequestration Kristof Van Oost, Hendrick Van Hemelryck, and Jennifer W. Harden 189 Assessing the Potential for CO2 Leakage, Particularly Through Wells, From Geological Storage Sites Stefan Bachu and Michael A. Celia 203 Scoping Calculations on Leakage of CO2 in Geologic Storage: The Impact of Overburden Permeability, Phase Trapping, and Dissolution Christine Doughty and Larry R. Myer 217 Geochemical Impacts of Sequestering Carbon Dioxide in Brine Formations John B. Kaszuba and David R. Janecky 239 Quantification of CO2 Trapping and Storage Capacity in the Subsurface: Uncertainty due to Solubility Models Biniam Zerai, Beverly Z. Saylor, and Douglas E. Allen 249 Quantification of CO2 Flow and Transport in the Subsurface: Uncertainty due to Equations of State Algorithms Weon Shik Han and Brian J. McPherson 261 Section 4: Evaluation of Carbon Management Requirements 279 Verification and Accreditation Schemes for Climate Change Activities: A Review of Requirements for Verification of Greenhouse Gas Reductions and Accreditation of Verifiers—Implications for Long-Term Carbon Sequestration Trygve Roed-Larsen and Todd Flach 281 Sociopolitical Drivers in the Development of Deliberate Carbon Storage Jennie C. Stephens 293 Considerations for Monitoring, Verification, and Accounting for Geologic Storage of CO2 Mike Monea, Ray Knudsen, Kyle Worth, Rick Chalaturnyk, Don White, Malcolm Wilson, Sean Plasynski, Howard G. McIlvried, and Rameshwar D. Srivastava 303 Integrating Terrestrial Sequestration Into a Greenhouse Gas Management Plan Joel R. Brown and Neil Sampson 317 A Conceptual Framework for Management of Carbon Sequestration Data and Methods Robert B. Cook, Wilfred M. Post, Leslie A. Hook, and Raymond A. McCord 325 Looking Ahead: Research Agenda for the Study of Carbon Sequestration Brian J. McPherson 335 Index 359

About the Author :
Brian J. McPherson and Eric T. Sundquist are the authors of Carbon Sequestration and Its Role in the Global Carbon Cycle, published by Wiley.