About the Book
The use of biological control agents has been increasing worldwide and there are now many companies mass-producing such organisms, particularly for the control of insect pests. However, there is a great need for quality control in the production and use of these natural enemies, which include insect parasitoids and predators, fungi and viruses. This book has been written by leading scientists from Europe and North America to provide both background theory and practical guidance on this subject.
Table of Contents:
1: Need for quality control for mass produced biological control, J C van Lenteren 2: Aspects of total quality for the production of natural enemies, N C Leppla, University of Florida, USA 3: A variable-response model for parasitoid foraging behaviour, L E M Vet, Wageningen University, The Netherlands, W J Lewis, USDA-ARS, Georgia, USA, D R Papaj, University of Arizona, USA and J C van Lenteren 4: Variations in natural enemy foraging behaviour: essential element of a sound biological control theory, W J Lewis, USDA-ARS, Georgia, USA, L E M Vet, Wageningen University, The Netherlands, J H Tumlinson, USDA-ARS, Florida, USA, et al 5: The parasitoids' need for sweets: sugars in mass rearing and biological control, F L Wäckers, Netherlands Institute of Ecology, The Netherlands 6: Managing captive populations for release: a population genetic perspective, L Nunney, University of California, USA 7: Adaptive recovery of fitness reduction: the role of population size, R F Hoekstra, Wageningen University, The Netherlands 8: The use of unisexual wasps in biological control, R Stouthamer, Wageningen University, The Netherlands 9: Comparison of artificially vs. naturally reared natural enemies and their potential for use in biological control, S Grenier, Institut National des Sciences Appliques, France and P DeClerq, Ghent University, Belgium 10: Pathogens of mass-produced natural enemies and pollinators, S Bjørnson, Sant Mary’s University, Nova Scotia, Canada and C Schütte, Wageningen University, The Netherlands 11: Commercial availability of biological control agents, J C van Lenteren 12: Mass production, storage, shipment and release of natural enemies, J C van Lenteren and M G Tommasini, Centrale Ortofrutticola, Italy 13: Regulation of import and release of mass produced natural enemies: a risk assessment approach, J C van Lenteren, D Babendreier and F Bigler, Swiss Federal Research Station, Switzerland, et al 14: Quality assurance in North America: merging customer and producer needs, C S Glenister, IPM Laboratories, Inc, USA, A Hale, Nature’s Alternative International, Canada and A Luczynski, Biobugs Consulting Ltd, Canada 15: State of affairs and future directions of product quality assurance in Europe, K J F Bolckmans, Berkel and Rodenrijs, The Netherlands 16: The relationship between results from laboratory product control tests and large cage tests where dispersal of natural enemies is possible: a case study with Phytoseiulus persimilis, S Steinberg and H Cain, Bio-Bee Biological Systems, Sde Eliyahu, Israel 17: Quality of augmentative biological control agents: A historical perspective and lessons learned from evaluating trichogramma, R F Luck and L D Forster, University of California, USA 18: Towards the standardisation of quality control of fungal and viral biocontrol agents, N E Jenkins and D Grzywacz, CABI Bioscience, UK 19: Guidelines for quality control of commercially produced natural enemies, J C van Lenteren, A Hale, Nature’s Alternative International, Canada, J N Klapwijk, Berkel and Rodenrijs, The Netherlands, et al 20: Basic statistical methods for quality control workers, E Wajnberg, INRA, France
