Fundamentals of Metallurgy

As product specifications become more demanding, manufacturers require steel with ever more specific functional properties. As a result, there has been a wealth of research on how those properties emerge during steelmaking. Fundamentals of Metallurgy summarizes this research and its implications for manufacturers. The first part of the book reviews the effects of processing on the properties of metals with a range of chapters on such phenomena as phase transformations, types of kinetic reaction, transport and interfacial phenomena. Authors discuss how these processes and the resulting properties of metals can be modelled and predicted. Part 2 discusses the implications of this research for improving steelmaking and steel properties. With its distinguished editor and international team of contributors, Fundamentals of metallurgy will be an invaluable reference for steelmakers and manufacturers requiring high-performance steels in such areas as automotive and aerospace engineering. About the editor Seshadri Seetharaman is Professor of Materials Process Science at the prestigious Royal Institute of Technology in Stockholm, Sweden. Professor Seetharaman has an international reputation in metallurgy research.

Table of Contents:
PART 1 UNDERSTANDING THE EFFECTS OF PROCESSING ON THE PROPERTIES OF METALS PART 2 IMPROVING PROCESS AND PRODUCT QUALITY PART 1 UNDERSTANDING THE EFFECTS OF PROCESSING ON THE PROPERTIES OF METALS The behaviour of metals during high-temperature processing H Y Sohn, University of Utah, and S Sridhar, Carnegie Mellon University, USA Introduction. Reactions involving gases and solids. Reactions involving liquid phases. Casting processes. Thermomechanical processes. References. Appendix: notation. Thermodynamic aspects of metals processing R E Aune and S Seetharaman, Royal Institute of Technology, Sweden Introduction. Basic concepts in thermodynamics. Chemical equilibrium. Unary and multicomponent equilibria. Thermodynamics of solutions. Thermodynamics of multicomponent dilute solutions. Modelling of metallic systems. Thermodynamics of ionic melts. Basics of electrochemical thermodynamics. Conclusions. Further reading. References. Phase diagrams, phase transformations, and the prediction of metal properties K Morita, The University of Tokyo, and N Sano, Nippon Steel Corporation, Japan Introduction. Phase diagrams and potential diagrams. Ternary phase diagrams. Solidification in ternary systems and four phase equilibria. Examples of solidification behaviour from a phase diagram perspective. Conclusions. References. Measurement and estimation of physical properties of metals at high temperatures K C Mills, Imperial College London, UK Introduction. Factors affecting physical properties and their measurement. Measurements and problems. Fluid flow properties. Properties related to heat transfer. Properties related to mass transfer. Estimating metal properties. References. Appendix 1: calculation of structural parameters NBO/T and optical basicity. Appendix 2: notation. Transport phenomena and metals properties A K Lahiri, Indian Institute of Science, India Introduction. Mass transfer. Heat transfer. Fluid flow. Further reading. References. Interfacial phenomena, metals processing, and properties K Mukai, Kyushu Institute of Technology, Japan Introduction. Fundamentals of the interface. Interfacial properties of a metallurgical melts system. Interfacial phenomena in relation to metallurgical processing. References. The kinetics of metallurgical reactions in metals processing H Y Sohn, University of Utah, and S Sridhar, Carnegie Mellon University, USA Introduction. Fundamentals of heterogeneous kinetics. Solid-state reactions. Gas–solid reactions. Liquid–liquid reactions. Solid–liquid reactions. Gas–liquid reactions. Comprehensive process modelling. References. Appendix: notation. Thermoanalytical methods in metals processing O N Mohanty, The Tata Iron and Steel Company, India Introduction. Thermogravimetry (TG). Differential thermal analysis (DTA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Evolved gas analysis (EGA) and detection (EGD). References. PART 2 IMPROVING PROCESS AND PRODUCT QUALITY Improving process design in steel-making D Sichen, Royal Institute of Technology, Sweden Introduction. Overview of process design. Thermodynamics and mass balance. Kinetics – mass transfer and heat transfer. Optimization of interfacial reactions. Micro modelling. Conclusions. References. Solidification and steel casting A W Cramb, Carnegie Melon University, USA Introduction. Solidification fundamentals. The growth of solids. The casting of steels. Conclusions. References. Acknowledgements. Analysing metal working processes G Engberg, SSAB Tunnplåt AB and MIK Research AB (MIKRAB), and L Karlsson, Dalarna University, Sweden Introduction. Work hardening. Rate effects. Interaction with phase transformations. Examples of material behaviour during processing. Future trends. References. Understanding and improving powder metallurgical processes F Lemoisson and L Froyen, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Belgium Introduction. Production processes for powders. Forming processes towards near-net shape. Conclusions. References. Improving steel-making and steel properties T Emi, Royal Institute of Technology, Sweden Introduction. Developing processes and properties with reference to market, energy, and environment. Optimization of processes to meet properties and productivity. Economic optimisation. Environmental optimisation. Future trends. Further reading. References.