Principles of Toxicology, Second Edition

Written by two experienced toxicology lecturers, Principles of Toxicology provides a broad-based yet in-depth introduction to this diverse subject. Comprehensive and easy-to-read, the book covers this broad and interdisciplinary field from the viewpoint of three different functional levels: molecular and cellular; physiological; and ecological and environmental. This revised second edition expands the coverage of the book while keeping the organizational format that made the first edition a bestseller. It also includes a series of brief case studies illustrating the application of toxicological principles to current issues of interest. Each and every chapter has been revised, several have been significantly rewritten, and three are entirely new. This new edition retains the extensive cross-referencing system that links all sections and enhances the integration of material. It also includes an appendix of selected toxicants that describes chemical structure and category of use. These features combine to make finding specific information quick and easy. The highly readable format and uniform, consistent presentation of information will make this the most used reference on your shelf. See what's new in the second edition:

Table of Contents:
MEASURING TOXICITY AND ASSESSING RISK Introduction Chemistry of Toxicants Toxicity Testing Methods Factors to Be Considered in Planning Toxicity Testing The LD50 Experiment Mixtures Toxicity, Hazard, and Risk References TOXICOKINETICS Introduction Absorption The Oral Route of Absorption Distribution Elimination Toxicokinetic Models BIOTRANSFORMATION Introduction Primary Biotransformation (Phase I Reactions): Hydrolysis Primary Biotransformation (Phase I Reactions): Oxidation Primary Biotransformation (Phase I Reactions): Reduction Secondary Metabolism (Phase II Reactions) Factors That Influence Metabolism References CELLULAR SITES OF ACTION Introduction Interaction of Toxicants with Proteins Effects of Toxicants on Lipids Effects of Toxicants on Nucleic Acids Mechanisms of Cell Death Case Study: Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors References NEW! GENOMICS AND NEW GENETICS IN TOXICOLOGY Introduction The Human Genome Project Toxicogenomics Metabolomics Personalized Susceptibility and Tailored Therapeutics Race, Ethics, and Genomics Systems Toxicology Case Study: Using GenBank and Online Tools in Genomics References CARCINOGENESIS Cancer The Epidemiology of Cancer Carcinogenesis Chemical Carcinogens Oncogenes and Tumor Suppressor Genes Protection against the Development of Cancer Testing Compounds for Carcinogenicity Critiques of Strategies in Cancer Research Carcinogenesis: A Complex Process QSAR Case Study: Predicting Carcinogenesis Based upon Chemistry References REPRODUCTIVE TOXICOLOGY AND TERATOLOGY Introduction Basic Processes in Reproduction and Development: Cell Division The Male Reproductive System The Female Reproductive System The Effects of Toxicants on the Male and Female Reproductive Systems The Process of Development Embryogenesis and Developmental Genetics Effects of Toxicants on Development: Teratogens and Teratogenesis Testing for Reproductive and Developmental Toxicity Case Study: Thalidomide References RESPIRATORY TOXICOLOGY Function of the Respiratory System Anatomy and Physiology of the Respiratory System Effects of Toxicants on the Respiratory System: General Principles Defense Mechanisms of the Respiratory System Exposure to Respiratory Toxicants Immediate Responses to Respiratory Toxicants Delayed and Cumulative Responses to Respiratory Toxicants Inhalation Studies References CARDIOVASCULAR TOXICOLOGY Function of the Cardiovascular System Anatomy and Physiology of the Heart Effects of Toxicants on the Heart The Vascular System Effects of Toxicants on the Vascular System The Blood Effects of Toxicants on the Blood References NEUROTOXICOLOGY Function of the Nervous System Anatomy and Physiology of the Nervous System Effects of Toxicants on the Nervous System: General Principles Effects of Toxicants on Electrical Conduction Effects of Toxicants on Synaptic Function Axonopathies Myelinopathies Effects of Toxicants Directly on Neurons Other Neurotoxicants Effects on Special Sensory Organs Developmental Effects Methods in Neurotoxicology Case Study: Botulinum Toxin References HEPATIC TOXICOLOGY Anatomy and Physiology of the Liver Function of the Liver Types of Toxicant-Induced Liver Injury Response to Liver Injury Evaluating Liver Injury and Treating Disease Case Study: Reye Syndrome References RENAL TOXICOLOGY Function of the Kidneys Anatomy and Physiology of the Kidneys Effects of Toxicants on the Kidney: General Principles Damage to the Glomerulus Damage to the Proximal Tubule The Remainder of the Tubule Measurement of Kidney Function In Vivo Measurement of Kidney Function In Vitro References IMMUNOTOXICOLOGY Function of the Immune System Nonspecific Defense Mechanisms Specific Defense Mechanisms Effects of Toxicants on the Immune System Methods for Studying Immunotoxicity References ECOLOGICAL TOXICOLOGY Introduction Effects of Toxicants at the Population Level Effects of Toxicants at the Community Level Effects of Toxicants at the Ecosystem Level8 Examples of Ecosystems and Vulnerability to Impact by Toxicants Ecotoxicological Testing Methods References NEW! APPLICATIONS: PHARMACOLOGY AND TOXICOLOGY Basic Principles of Pharmacology Drug Development and the Role of Toxicology References NEW! APPLICATIONS: FORENSIC TOXICOLOGY Analytical Toxicology Forensic Toxicology and Alcohol Use Forensic Toxicology and Illegal Drug Use Criminal Poisonings References APPLICATIONS: ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND POLLUTION Air Pollution Water Pollution Toxic Wastes References Appendix List of Selected Toxicants Index