Engineering Design with Polymers and Composites

There are many books available on polymer chemistry, properties, and processing, but they do not focus on the practicalities of selecting and using them correctly in the design of structures. Engineering students require an understanding of polymers and composites as well as viscoelasticity, adhesion, damping applications, and tribology in order to successfully integrate these materials into their designs. Based on more than twenty years of classroom experience, Engineering Design with Polymers and Composites is the first textbook to unite these topics in a single source. The authors take a bottom-up functional approach rather than a top-down analytical approach to design. This unique perspective enables students to select the proper materials for the application rather than force the design to suit the materials. The text begins with an introduction to polymers and composites, including historical background. Detailed coverage of mechanical properties, viscoelastic behavior of polymers, composite materials, creep and fatigue failure, impact, and related properties follows. Discussion then turns to selection of materials, design applications of polymers, polymer processing, adhesion, tribology, and damping and isolation. Abundant examples, homework problems, tables, and illustrations reinforce the concepts. Accompanied by a CD-ROM containing materials databases, examples in Excel®, and a laminate analysis program, Engineering Design with Polymers and Composites builds a strong background in the underlying concepts necessary for engineering students to successfully incorporate polymers and composites into their designs.

Table of Contents:
INTRODUCTION TO POLYMERS AND COMPOSITES Introduction History of Polymers History of Composites Examples of Polymers and Composites Definitions and Classifications Raw Materials and Production of Polymers Chemical Structures Glass-Transition Temperature References Homework Problems MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF POLYMERS Introduction Tensile Properties Creep Properties Relaxation Properties Dynamic Properties Large-Strain De?nitions Analysis of Damping Time-Hardening Creep Isochronous Creep Curves References Homework Problems VISCOELASTIC BEHAVIOR OF POLYMERS Mechanical Models Mathematical Models The Maxwell Fluid The Kelvin Solid The Four-Parameter Model The Boltzmann Superposition Principle Advanced Viscoelastic Models The Viscoelastic Correspondence Principle The Time-Temperature Equivalence Principle References Homework Problems COMPOSITE MATERIALS Introduction Composite Material Nomenclature and Definitions Analysis of Composite Structures Experimental Determination of Engineering Elastic Constants Strength Properties and Failure Theories Stiffness of Laminated Composites Summary Bibliography References Homework Problems CREEP FAILURE AND FATIGUE FAILURE Creep Failure Under Tension Creep Failure Under Compression Fatigue of Polymers Notch Sensitivity Under Fatigue Creep Buckling of Shells References Homework Problems IMPACT AND OTHER PROPERTIES Impact Strength Fracture Toughness Thermal Properties Electrical Properties References Homework Problems SELECTION OF POLYMERS FOR DESIGN APPLICATIONS Introduction Basic Material Properties Performance Parameters Loading Conditions and Geometrical Configurations Availability of Materials A Rectangular Beam in Bending Weighting-Factor Analysis Thermal Gradient Through a Beam Rating Factors for Various Loading Requirements Design Optimization Computer Database Design Selection Procedure References Homework Problems DESIGN APPLICATIONS OF SOME POLYMERS Phenolic Resins with Fillers Polycarbonate Example Design with PC: Fan Impeller Blade Example Design with PC: Snap/Fit Design Example Design of Polyvinyl Chloride Pipe Design with Fluorocarbon Resins References Homework Problems POLYMER PROCESSING Extrusion Manufacture of PVC Pipe by Extrusion Injection Molding Sheet Forming Blow Molding References Homework Problems ADHESION OF POLYMERS AND COMPOSITES Introduction Fundamentals of Adhesion Adhesives Enhancement of Adhesion in Composites Curing of Adhesives Summary References Homework Problems TRIBOLOGY OF POLYMERS AND COMPOSITES Introduction Contact Mechanics Surface Topography Friction Wear PV Limit Rolling and Sliding Modification of Polymers for Friction and Wear Performance Composites Wear of Composites Heat Generation in Sliding-Polymer Systems Special Considerations Simulative Laboratory Testing References Homework Problems DAMPING AND ISOLATION WITH POLYMERS AND COMPOSITES Introduction Relevance of Thermomechanical Spectrum of Polymers Damping of Materials Materials Fundamentals of Vibration Damping and Isolation Role of Dampers Damping Layers References Homework Problems APPENDICES Appendix A: Conversion Factors Appendix B: Area Moments of Inertia Appendix C: Beam Reactions and Displacements Appendix D: Laminate Analysis MATLAB® Code Appendix E: Sample Input/Output for Laminate Program Appendix F: Composite Materials Properties INDEX