Aristotle on False Reasoning
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Aristotle on False Reasoning: Language and the World in the Sophistical Refutations(SUNY series in Ancient Greek Philosophy)

Aristotle on False Reasoning: Language and the World in the Sophistical Refutations(SUNY series in Ancient Greek Philosophy)


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About the Book

Presenting the first book-length study in English of Aristotle's Sophistical Refutations, this work takes a fresh look at this seminal text on false reasoning. Through a careful and critical analysis of Aristotle's examples of sophistical reasoning, Scott G. Schreiber explores Aristotle's rationale for his taxonomy of twelve fallacy types. Contrary to certain modern attempts to reduce all fallacious reasoning to either errors of logical form or linguistic imprecision, Aristotle insists that, as important as form and language are, certain types of false reasoning derive their persuasiveness from mistaken beliefs about the nature of language and the nature of the world.

Table of Contents:
List of Abbreviations Preface Introduction: Reasoning and the Sophistical Refutations Aristotle on the Kinds of Reasoning The Sophistical Refutations Outline of the Book PART 1: FALLACIES DUE TO LANGUAGE 1: The Power of Names Naming Is Not Like Counting "Counters" "Signifiers" Conclusion 2: Homonymy and Amphiboly Introduction: Aristotle's Use of Language The Six Sources of False Reasoning Due to Language Homonymy Homonymy in the Categories Homonymy in S.E. Amphiboly Amphiboly in S.E. Amphiboly Outside the Organon Problems with Aristotle's Distinction: The Argument of S.E. 17 Conclusion 3: Form of the Expression Introduction Form of the Expression As a Category Mistake Confusion of Substance with Quantity Confusion of Substance with Relative Confusion of Substance with Quality Confusion of Substance with Time Confusion of Activity with "Being-Affected" Confusion of Activity with Quality Form of the Expression Fallacies That Are Not Category Mistakes Confusion of a Particular with a Universal Confusion of One Particular Substance with Another Confusions Based on Gender Terminations Form of the Expression and Solecism: Aristotle and Protagoras Form of the Expression As a Linguistic Fallacy of Double Meaning 4: Composition, Division, and Accent Difficulties and Procedure Fallacies Due to Accent Fallacies Due to Composition and Division (C/D) C/D Fallacies Are Not Examples of Double Meaning The Primacy of Oral Speech Further Examples Confusing Linguistic Parts and Wholes C/D Fallacies in the Rhetoric Conclusion PART 2: RESOLUTIONS OF FALSE ARGUMENTS 5: Resolutions of False Arguments Introduction Principles of Aristotelian Analytical Method Two Kinds of Resolution The Principle of Parsimony Proper Refutations and Their Defects: Ignoratio Elenchi Resolutions of Fallacies Due to Language How These Fallacies Violate the Definition of a Refutation The Unity of Composition and Division: S.E. 23 The Extralinguistic Component of Resolutions to Linguistic Fallacies PART 3: FALLACIES OUTSIDE OF LANGUAGE 6: Begging the Question and Non-Cause As Cause Introduction The Fallacy of Begging the Question Begging the Question in the Prior Analytics Begging the Question in Dialectical Reasoning Begging the Question and Immediate Inferences Resolutions The Fallacy of Treating a Non-Cause As a Cause Conclusion 7: Accident and Consequent Introduction Fallacies Due to Accident and Their Resolutions False Resolutions to Fallacies Due to Accident False Resolutions by Appeal to Linguistic Equivocation False Resolutions by Appeal to Oblique Context False Resolutions by Citing Missing Qualifications Final Remarks on Double Meaning and Fallacies Due to Accident Historical Reasons for Treating Fallacies Due to Accident As Errors of Logical Form Fallacies Due to Consequent Introduction Aristotle's Examples Conclusion 8: Secundum Quid Introduction Two Types of Secundum Quid Fallacy Resolutions of Secundum Quid Fallacies Secundum Quid as a Fallacy Outside of Language: Aristotle's Position Problems with Aristotle's Position Conclusion 9: Many Questions Introduction Disjunctive and Conjunctive Premises Disjunctive Premises Conjunctive Premises Resolutions of Fallacies Due to Many Questions Homonymy and Amphiboly As Cases of Many Questions Unity of Predication versus Unity of Definition: The Problem of de Interpretatione de Interpretatione 5 de Interpretatione 8 and 11 Conclusion Conclusion and Summary Appendixes Notes Bibliography Index

About the Author :
Scott G. Schreiber is Assistant Professor of Philosophy and Director of Classical Studies at St. Norbert College.


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Product Details
  • ISBN-13: 9780791456590
  • Publisher: State University of New York Press
  • Publisher Imprint: State University of New York Press
  • Height: 229 mm
  • No of Pages: 264
  • Series Title: SUNY series in Ancient Greek Philosophy
  • Sub Title: Language and the World in the Sophistical Refutations
  • Width: 152 mm
  • ISBN-10: 0791456595
  • Publisher Date: 18 Mar 2003
  • Binding: Hardback
  • Language: English
  • Returnable: Y
  • Spine Width: 25 mm
  • Weight: 476 gr


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Aristotle on False Reasoning: Language and the World in the Sophistical Refutations(SUNY series in Ancient Greek Philosophy)
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Aristotle on False Reasoning: Language and the World in the Sophistical Refutations(SUNY series in Ancient Greek Philosophy)
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