Forgotten Reformer: Robert McClaughry and Criminal Justice Reform in Nineteenth-Century America

Forgotten Reformer traces criminal justice practice and reform developments in late nineteenth-century America through the life and career of Robert McClaughry, a leading reformer. As a warden of one of America's toughest prisons, as a chief of police of Chicago, as a superintendent of two different reformatories, and as one of the first wardens of the federal prison system, McClaughry developed and led a reform movement that resonates today. As a founding member of the reformatory movement that sought to "save" young first offenders, McClaughry advocated new sentencing structures, probation, parole, and rehabilitative regimes within new institutions for young first offenders called reformatories. McClaughry then successfully got these reformatory ideals placed into adult prisons. In addition, McClaughry became American's main advocate for a criminal identification method called the Bertillon system. He set up the first identification bureaus at the Illinois State Penitentiary, the Chicago police department, and the federal prison at Leavenworth, Kansas and these became models for others across the country. Finally, as a founding member of the National Association of Chiefs of Police (today the International Association of Chiefs of Police) and the National Prison Assocation (today American Corrections Association), McClaughry sought to professionalize police and prison administrators.

Table of Contents:
Part 1 Preface Part 2 Introduction Part 3 Part 1 McClaughry and his Middle Border Beginnings Part 4 Part 2 Crime and Punishment in Post-Civil War Illinois Part 5 Part 3 McClaughry and the Reformatory Movement Part 6 Part 4 Policing Chicago Part 7 Part 5 State Politics and Penology: McClaughry at Pontiac Part 8 Part 6 Growing a Prison Profession Part 9 Part 7 McClaughry at Leavenworth Part 10 Afterword: Forlorn Hope Part 11 Bibliography

About the Author :
Frank Morn is a professor of criminal justice sciences at Illinois State University. He is the author of "The Eye That Never Sleeps": A History of the Pinkerton National Detective Agency and Academic Politics and the History of Criminal Justice Education.