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Language and Thought

Language and Thought


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About the Book

How can language, which is public and accessible, express thoughts, which seem private and hidden from view? How can we understand sentences we have never come across before as expressing thoughts we have never entertained before? Presumably it is because sentences have a meaning that conversational participants can identify. But what is meaning? This is the central question addressed in this third book. Meaning cannot be scientifically measured in the same way as, say, humidity, and has a number of puzzling features. Irrespective of how we manage to communicate them, what are thoughts? Is it right to claim that there is a language of thought? If so, where does it get its meaning from? Is there space within a descriptive science of the mind for a normative notion like error, as when someone thinks, wrongly, that the Houses of Parliament are pink?

Table of Contents:
CONTENTS1. Introducing Representation Representation and language Representation and thought Three characteristic difficulties in discussions of representation Some useful terminology and a convention PART ONE: REPRESENTING WITH LANGUAGE 2. Is the speaker's mind the source of an utterance's meaning? The source of an utterance's meaning: the words used or the speaker's mind? Grice on natural and non-natural meaning The meaning of expressions versus the meaning of individual utterances Why intentions? Which intentions? Expression meaning as defined by Grice The Gricean Programme How successful is Grice's theory of the meaning of utterances? Chapter summary Further reading 3. 'Meanings ain't in the head' Sentence meaning and word meaning The case for (a version of) linguistic internalism Two considerations in favour of descriptivism Putnam's Twin Earth thought experiment Putnam on how referring is possible Two criticisms of Putnam's argument against linguistic internalism Mental externalism 61 PART TWO: REPRESENTING IN THOUGHT 4. Rationality As Symbol Manipulation The mental representation question Reason-giving explanations, and two puzzles about them What is the computational theory of mind? Haugeland on the computational theory of mind Complication I: the mental representation question Complication II: cognitive architecture Complication III: the frame problem 5. Representation As Indication Introduction: the naturalization of content Simple indicator theories Two characteristics of indicator theories: externalism and atomism The problem of misrepresentation Dretske's teleosemantic theory Swampman: a counter-example to teleosemantic theories of content? Does Dretske's account solve the misrepresentation problem? Causal relations: a poor foundation for mental representation? 6. Representation As Functional Role Contrasting metaphors: indicator lights versus pictures Conceptual role theories Block's defence of conceptual role semantics Holism: circularity and idiosyncrasy Holism and error 7. The Intentional Stance A rethink Dennett's theory of belief Two considerations in support of Dennett's theory The problem of bogus explanations Reductionism, eliminativism and interpretationism READINGS 1. Meaning H.P. GRICE 2. Whatisaspeechact?J.R. SEARLE 3. The meaning of 'meaning' H. PUTNAM 4. All the difference in the world T. CRANE 5. Semantic engines: an introduction to mind design J. HAUGELAND 6. Cognitive wheels: the frame problem of AI D.C. DENNETT 7. Meaning and the world order J.A. FODOR 8. Representational systems F. DRETSKE 9. Advertisement for a semantics of psychology N. BLOCK 10. Holism, content similarity, and content identity J.A. FODOR and E. LEPORE 11. True believers: the intentional strategy and why it works D.C. DENNETT


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Product Details
  • ISBN-13: 9780749296438
  • Publisher: OPEN UNIVERSITY WORLDWIDE
  • Publisher Imprint: Open University Worldwide
  • ISBN-10: 0749296437
  • Publisher Date: 01 Jan 2005
  • Binding: Paperback


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