The Walls Within: The Politics of Immigration in Modern America(Politics and Society in Modern America)

A history of the battles over US immigrants' rights since 1965-and how these conflicts reshaped access to education, employment, civil liberties, and moreThe 1965 Hart-Celler Act transformed the American immigration system by abolishing national quotas in favor of a seemingly egalitarian approach. But subsequent demographic shifts resulted in a backlash over the social contract and the rights of citizens versus noncitizens. In The Walls Within, Sarah Coleman explores those political clashes, focusing not on attempts to stop immigration at the border, but on efforts to limit immigrants' rights within the United States through domestic policy. Drawing on new materials from the Carter, Reagan, and Clinton administrations, and immigration and civil rights organizations, Coleman exposes how the politics of immigration control has undermined the idea of citizenship for all.Coleman shows that immigration politics was not just about building or tearing down walls, but about employer sanctions, access to schools, welfare, and the role of local authorities in implementing policies. In the years after 1965, a rising restrictionist movement sought to marginalize immigrants in realms like public education and the labor market. Yet throughout the 1970s and 1980s, restrictionists faced countervailing forces committed to an expansive notion of immigrants' rights. In the 1990s, with national politics gridlocked, anti-immigrant groups turned to statehouses to enact their agenda. Achieving strength at the local level, conservatives supporting immigration restriction actually acquired more influence under the Clinton presidency than even during the so-called Reagan revolution, resulting in dire consequences for millions of immigrants.Revealing the roots behind much of today's nativist sentiment, The Walls Within examines debates about who is entitled to the American dream, and how such dreams can be subverted for those already calling the country home.

About the Author :
Sarah R. Coleman is assistant professor of history at Texas State University. Twitter @sarahrcoleman6

Review :
"Winner of the Theodore Saloutos Book Award, Immigration and Ethnic History Society" "Winner of the Frances Richardson Keller-Sierra Prize, Western Association of Women Historians" "Immigrants’ struggles to live and flourish in the United States aren’t only about the border, Sarah Coleman demonstrates in this comprehensive examination of immigration politics since 1965."---Elizabeth Palmer, The Christian Century "The complex thicket of political divisions over immigration policy, whose origins in the late twentieth century Coleman so ably analyzes, remain largely intact. For those eager to advance the cause of immigrant rights, or for anyone who wants to understand the historical roots of the current political landscape, The Walls Within should be required reading."---Ruth Milkman, Dissent "Coleman provides valuable historical perspective on how the politics of immigration control has resulted in dire consequences for millions of immigrants and transformed the US into a country in which the benefits of citizenship are denied to a significant population living legally within its borders. . . . Recommended." "The virtue of Coleman’s book is its thick descriptive account of the to-and-fro struggle between liberals and conservatives and her appreciation of the variety of contingent realities that made outcomes difficult to predict."---Peter Kivisto, Ethnic and Racial Studies