From the Puritans to the Projects: Public Housing and Public Neighbors

Lawrence J. Vale’s groundbreaking book is both a comprehensive institutional history of public housing in Boston and a broader examination of the nature and extent of public obligation to house socially and economically marginal Americans during the past 350 years.

Table of Contents:
Contents Illustrations Tables Introduction: The “Public” in Public Housing Public Housing as an American Problem Housing the Public Neighbor Public Housing in Boston I. The Prehistory of Public Housing 1 Coping with the Poor: Techniques and Institutions The Moral Geography of Puritan Space New Institutions for Indoor Relief Tenement Reform Settlement Houses Ideal Tenement Districts 2 Rewarding Upward Mobility: Public Lands, Private Houses, and New Communities Frontier Individualism on Public Lands Homesteads in the Boston Suburbs Residential Districts Communities by Design Public Neighborhoods without Public Neighbors II. Public Housing in Boston 3 Building Selective Collectives, 1934–1954 Boston’s Selective Collectives Public Works and Private Markets Public Housing as Slum Reform Public Housing as War Production (1940–1945) Public Housing as Veterans’ Assistance (1946–1954) The Authority Is Watching The Geopolitics of Public Housing Urban Renewal Rewarding the Elderly The Mechanisms of Patronage Racial Discrimination and the BHA Battles within the Bureaucracy The Decline and Fall of the BHA The Receivership Four Redevelopment Efforts in the 1980s The Politics of Public Housing Preferences Getting Beyond Receivership Boston Public Housing in the 1990s Ideological Retrenchment From the Puritans to the Projects Notes Credits Index

About the Author :
Lawrence J. Vale is Professor of Urban Studies and Planning, Massachusetts Institute of Technology.

Review :
Vale, an urban studies and planning professor, examines more than three centuries of Boston's provision for "the public neighbor," exploring "shifting relationships among the state, the market, and civil society," which reflect policy makers' profoundly mixed motives. From indoor and outdoor relief to tenement reform and settlement houses to urban renewal and massive housing projects, genuine desire to help the poor has always been interwoven with a demand for tighter social control. Increasingly the geographical placement of public housing has sought to insulate the nonpoor from social problems of the public neighbor. A fascinating analysis of how one city has manifested "our collective ambivalence" about citizens unable to provide adequate housing for themselves. -- Mary Carroll Booklist 20001015 From the Puritans to the Projects is a comprehensive history of urban housing in Boston and, more broadly, of the urban poor's attempts to find housing in America during the past 350 years. Beginning with Puritan almshouses in the seventeenth century, Vale traces the arguments and policies concerning housing for the economically marginalized in America, and poses questions about the practice of building high-rises to warehouse the poor. Doubletake In his history of housing and poverty in Boston, Vale shows that the public housing program was intended to be something quite different from what it became. More important, public housing originally was not meant for the very poor...Economic conditions, Vale points out, enabled public housing officials to cull the most stable and best-paid low-income tenants...Not surprisingly, tenants in these years were model citizens who organized themselves into a wide array of volunteer organizations and took pride in maintaining clean and attractive buildings and grounds in the projects. The chief problem was that aspiring tenants tended to prosper, earning more than the rules allowed and forcing reluctant officials to evict them. -- Alexander von Hoffman American Prospect 20010409 A book as good as this certainly reaffirms the merits of solid and rigorous academic study...Vale details Boston's long public housing trajectory starting off with institutions such as Almshouses and the "Houses of Industry", before emerging in the 19th century with new variants such as the "public lands" policy, the sanctification of the single family home and various attempts at tenement reform...This is academic insight at its best. -- Douglas Robertson Roof 20010501 [From the Puritans to the Projects] is an impressive work, both in terms of content and presentation...[It is] a major contribution to recent scholarship on housing, urban history and public policy; its shelf-life will be long. -- Kristin M. Szylvian H-Net Reviews 20010501 The strength of Vale's book is the depth of his research into the actual operation of the Boston Housing Authority in implementing these policies, particularly through tenant selection. No other study offers such a revealing look inside the operation of the public housing bureaucracy. -- J. R. Breihan Choice 20010701 Vale is very insightful at decoding...half-conscious pop-culture signs and symptoms...[The book is] very informative and worthwhile for anyone interested in the tortuous history of land use policy and urban politics. The Federal Lawyer